Biodiversity Lesson 6: Domain eukarya and kingdom fungi

Question 1

what are included in kingdom fungi and some of their characteristics?

(6)

Answer 1

• eukaryotic
• unicellular and multicellular
• heterotrophic
• cell walls made of chitin
• some are saprophytes (decomposers, others parasites, and symbionts
• all produce powerful digestive enzymes that they secrete to absorb nutrients

Question 2

how are the bodies of the fungi formed (for the most part)

Answer 2

develop from spores into threads called hyphae then those threads into a body called the mycelium

Question 3

fungal reproduction (sexual)

Answer 3

hyphae of two different mating types fuse to create a gamete forming structure (gametangium)

Question 4

what do 2 fused gametes form?

Answer 4

diploid zygote nucleus which then divided by meiosis

Question 5

reproduction of fungi asexual

Answer 5

by spores produced in sporangia and by fragmentation

budding is used by unicellular yeast

Question 6

what are the characteristics of phylum Oomycota (protist-like fungi)

Answer 6

• mildew
• aquatic
• parasitic on land plants and fish
• cell wall contains cellulose
• spores swim using a flagellum (only fungus with mobile spores)

Question 7

example of organism in Oomycota

Answer 7

plasmopara viticola -downy mildew of grapes almost wiped out European wine industry

Question 8

what are characteristics of phylum Zygomycota: common molds

(2)

Answer 8

• most are terrestrial organisms found primarily in soil
• common mold life cycle included both asexual and sexual stages

Question 9

what are included/characteristics of phylum Ascomycota: Sac Fungi

Answer 9

• largest phylum
• include: yeast ,morals and truffles
• saprophytes that feed off of dead organisims
• both sexual and asexual reproduction

Question 10

what are characteristics/included in phylum Basidiomycota: Club Fungi

Answer 10

• commonly referred to as mushrooms
• saprophytes that live off of dead organisims
• include: mushrooms,toadstools,bracket fungi,puffball

Question 11

what are characteristics/included in phylum Deuteromycota:i imperfect fungus

Answer 11

• cannot be placed anywhere else because sexual reproduction never been studied
• resemble many other phyla

Question 12

some contributions from fungi on to humans

5= diseases to plants, humans ,benifits and downsides (envitonment)

Answer 12

• bread and alcohol industries rely on yeast
• we eat mushrooms, some are poisnous
• patatoe blight and wheat rust are notable diseases of plants
• human diseases: ringworm,athletes foot,mouth, urinary
• some fungi kill other organisims