biodiversity and ecosystems

Question 1

Biodiversity

Answer 1

The variety of different species on earth or within an ecosystem

Question 2

Why is high biodiversity important?

Answer 2

• increases stability of ecosystem, so
  that changes are less effective
• many species provide specific services
  e.g. pollination
• medical drugs comes from wild
  species

Question 3

How has the population rose so quickly?

Answer 3

The rate of living has exceeded the death rate due to better medicine and farming methods

Question 4

What are the 3 environmental factors that are affected by pollution

Answer 4

• water
• land
• air

Question 5

What causes water pollution

Answer 5

• sewage and toxic chemicals from
  industry
• chemicals on land (fertilizers,
  pesticides) can be washed into water

Question 6

What causes land pollution?

Answer 6

• toxic chemicals from farming
• burying nuclear waster underground
• landfill sites

Question 7

What causes air pollution?

Answer 7

smoke and acidic gases released into atmosphere
e.g. sulfur dioxide can cause acid rain

Question 8

What are 3 examples of humans damaging the environment

Answer 8

• climate change
• deforestation
• dumping waste

Question 9

What are the result in damaging the environment

Answer 9

• reduction in biodiversity
• damaged ecosystem

Question 10

How to improve biodiversity?

Answer 10

Breeding programmes

Question 11

Breeding program purpose

Answer 11

reduce the chance of endangered species from going extinct

Question 12

What are breeding programmes?

Answer 12

Where animals are bred in captivity to make sure the species survives and can sometimes be released into the wild to re-establish a population

Question 13

Habitat protection

Answer 13

protect and regenerate rare habitats like mangroves, heathland and coral reefs

Question 14

What features of farming encourages an increase in biodiversity

Answer 14

• field margin
• hedgerow
  these provide extra habitats and food sources so a wider range of species can survive

Question 15

positives of recycling things

Answer 15

• leaves ecosystem undamaged
• less toxic chemicals into the wild

Question 16

What are the issues on maintaining biodiversity

Answer 16

• money
  -effects of local economy
• food security
• development of society

Question 17

local economy issues

Answer 17

reducing deforestation could increase unemployment

Question 18

Protecting food issues

Answer 18

some species can be seen as pests such as foxes so they’re are killed which affects the biodiversity

Question 19

how can the government encourage business to reduce the damage to biodiversity

Answer 19

• set laws prohibiting or requiring
  certain things
• pay business (hedgerows)
• setting quotas or limits on harmful
  chemicals

Question 20

How does greenhouse gases increase the earth’s temperature

Answer 20

They absorb most of the energy that would usually be emitted out into space, and re-emit it in all directions including back to the earth

Question 21

What are the 3 main greenhouse gases

Answer 21

• carbon dioxide
• methane
• water vapour

Question 22

global warming

Answer 22

Earth heating up because of the increasing levels of greenhouse gases

Question 23

Climate change results

Answer 23

• natural hazards becoming more common
• sea levels rising
• reduction in biodiversity

Question 24

Difference between weather and climate

Answer 24

• weather - short term atmospheric conditions
• climate - the typical weather conditions in an entire region for a long time