biodiversity Flashcards
why is biodiversity so important?
maintains stability in ecosystems, supports habitats for species providing food, shelter, nutrients etc.
what are the 3 levels of biodiversity?
SPECIES DIVERSITY- the # of species in a particular ecosystem.
GENETIC DIVERSITY- the difference among species.
ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY- the types of ecosystems in a particular place and how they effect us.
species diversity?
the # of species in a particular ecosystem.
genetic diversity?
the difference among species.
ecosystem diversity?
the types of ecosystems in a particular place.
what is a keystone species?
an organism that helps define an entire ecosystem, they play a greater role in maintaining the ecosystem. EX- OTTERS, HONEY BEES.
binomial nomenclature?
a system of naming plants and animals in which each species is given a name consisting of two terms of which the first names the genus and the second the species itself.
7 taxonomic categories?
CAPSLE- helps keep the cell from drying out and helps it stick to food and other cells.
CELL WALL- maintaining shape of the cell.
RIBOSOMES- where proteins are made.
NUCLEOID- a ring made up of DNA.
FLOGELLA- a whip like tail for movement.
CYTOPLASM- jelly like substance that keeps everything together.
PILI- structures that help bacteria too sick to other tissue.
what is capsule?
helps keep the cell from drying out and helps it stick to food and other cells.
what is cell wall?
maintaining the shape of a cell.
what is ribosomes?
where protein is made?
what is nucleoid?
a ring made up of DNA.
what is flogella?
a whip like tail for movement.
what is cytoplasm?
a jelly like substance which holds everything together.
what is pili?
structures that help bacteria stick to other tissue.
what are the 3 domains?
ARCHAEA BACTERIA- ancient, can live through rough conditions.
EUBACTERIA- contains bacteria and cyanobacteria.
EKARYOTES- organisms that have a defined nucleus.
what is Archaea bacteria?
ancient, can live through rough conditions.
what is eubacteria?
contains bacteria and Cyanobacteria.
what are Eukaryotes?
organisms that have a defined nucleus.
what are Prokaryotes?
PROKAYOTES are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other organelles. larger and more complex.
examples are blue-green algae and bacteria
what are Eukaryotes?
EUKARYOTE- The eukaryotic cell has a defined nucleus.
examples are plants and fungi.
what is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
eukaryotes have a defined nucleus where prokaryotes do not. prokaryotes are small and simple and eukaryotes are large and complex.
size of bacteria ?
1-10 microns
size of viruses?
20-400 nm
sexual and asexual reproduction in bacteria.
Asexual reproduction occurs by binary fission, wherein a cell divides into two.
sexual reproduction is a process called conjugation.
different shapes and grouping in bacteria?
-spherical - coccus
-rod – bacillus
-coiled – spirillum
how to fight bacteria and viruses
Wash your hands with soap and water.
Keep your hands away from the face.
Stay away from people who are sick and avoid others if you are sick.
characteristics of bacteria and viruses?
bacteria are free-living cells that can live inside or outside a body, while viruses are a non-living collection of molecules that need a host to survive
lytic vs lysogenic?
The lytic cycle leads to the death of the host, whereas the lysogenic cycle leads to integration of phage into the host.
what is lytic?
make viruses worse.
what is lysogenic?
LYSOGENIC- intergrate viral DNA into bacterial DNA.
- reproduce with bacteria.
what is an antibody?
ANTIBODIES are a protein produced by your immune system to attack and fight off these antigens.
What is an antigen?
ANTIGENS are a foreign substance that enters your body. This can include bacteria, viruses, fungi, allergens, venom and other various toxins.
different ways we can develop immunity.
exposure to the virus
breast milk
ecological roles of bacteria
Bacteria are decomposers which break down dead material and recycle it. They also can be producers, making food from sunlight, such as photosynthetic bacteria
what is antibiotic resistance and how could it affect your life?
Antibiotic resistance results in a decreased ability to treat infections and illnesses in people. This can lead to the following problems: increased human illness, suffering and death, increased cost and length of treatments.
what ways can u classify bacteria.
-Scientific name.
-Bacteria shapes.
-Need for oxygen.
what ways can you classify viruses?
size and shape, chemical composition, and mode of replication.
