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bio g11 > biodiversity > Flashcards

biodiversity Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

why is biodiversity so important?

A

maintains stability in ecosystems, supports habitats for species providing food, shelter, nutrients etc.

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2
Q

what are the 3 levels of biodiversity?

A

SPECIES DIVERSITY- the # of species in a particular ecosystem.

GENETIC DIVERSITY- the difference among species.

ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY- the types of ecosystems in a particular place and how they effect us.

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3
Q

species diversity?

A

the # of species in a particular ecosystem.

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4
Q

genetic diversity?

A

the difference among species.

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5
Q

ecosystem diversity?

A

the types of ecosystems in a particular place.

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6
Q

what is a keystone species?

A

an organism that helps define an entire ecosystem, they play a greater role in maintaining the ecosystem. EX- OTTERS, HONEY BEES.

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7
Q

binomial nomenclature?

A

a system of naming plants and animals in which each species is given a name consisting of two terms of which the first names the genus and the second the species itself.

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8
Q

7 taxonomic categories?

A

CAPSLE- helps keep the cell from drying out and helps it stick to food and other cells.

CELL WALL- maintaining shape of the cell.

RIBOSOMES- where proteins are made.

NUCLEOID- a ring made up of DNA.

FLOGELLA- a whip like tail for movement.

CYTOPLASM- jelly like substance that keeps everything together.

PILI- structures that help bacteria too sick to other tissue.

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9
Q

what is capsule?

A

helps keep the cell from drying out and helps it stick to food and other cells.

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10
Q

what is cell wall?

A

maintaining the shape of a cell.

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11
Q

what is ribosomes?

A

where protein is made?

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12
Q

what is nucleoid?

A

a ring made up of DNA.

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13
Q

what is flogella?

A

a whip like tail for movement.

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14
Q

what is cytoplasm?

A

a jelly like substance which holds everything together.

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15
Q

what is pili?

A

structures that help bacteria stick to other tissue.

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16
Q

what are the 3 domains?

A

ARCHAEA BACTERIA- ancient, can live through rough conditions.

EUBACTERIA- contains bacteria and cyanobacteria.

EKARYOTES- organisms that have a defined nucleus.

17
Q

what is Archaea bacteria?

A

ancient, can live through rough conditions.

18
Q

what is eubacteria?

A

contains bacteria and Cyanobacteria.

19
Q

what are Eukaryotes?

A

organisms that have a defined nucleus.

20
Q

what are Prokaryotes?

A

PROKAYOTES are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other organelles. larger and more complex.

examples are blue-green algae and bacteria

21
Q

what are Eukaryotes?

A

EUKARYOTE- The eukaryotic cell has a defined nucleus.

examples are plants and fungi.

22
Q

what is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A

eukaryotes have a defined nucleus where prokaryotes do not. prokaryotes are small and simple and eukaryotes are large and complex.

23
Q

size of bacteria ?

A

1-10 microns

24
Q

size of viruses?

A

20-400 nm

25
Q

sexual and asexual reproduction in bacteria.

A

Asexual reproduction occurs by binary fission, wherein a cell divides into two.

sexual reproduction is a process called conjugation.

26
Q

different shapes and grouping in bacteria?

A

-spherical - coccus

-rod – bacillus

-coiled – spirillum

27
Q

how to fight bacteria and viruses

A

Wash your hands with soap and water.

Keep your hands away from the face.

Stay away from people who are sick and avoid others if you are sick.

28
Q

characteristics of bacteria and viruses?

A

bacteria are free-living cells that can live inside or outside a body, while viruses are a non-living collection of molecules that need a host to survive

29
Q

lytic vs lysogenic?

A

The lytic cycle leads to the death of the host, whereas the lysogenic cycle leads to integration of phage into the host.

30
Q

what is lytic?

A

make viruses worse.

31
Q

what is lysogenic?

A

LYSOGENIC- intergrate viral DNA into bacterial DNA.

  • reproduce with bacteria.
32
Q

what is an antibody?

A

ANTIBODIES are a protein produced by your immune system to attack and fight off these antigens.

33
Q

What is an antigen?

A

ANTIGENS are a foreign substance that enters your body. This can include bacteria, viruses, fungi, allergens, venom and other various toxins.

34
Q

different ways we can develop immunity.

A

exposure to the virus
breast milk

35
Q

ecological roles of bacteria

A

Bacteria are decomposers which break down dead material and recycle it. They also can be producers, making food from sunlight, such as photosynthetic bacteria

36
Q

what is antibiotic resistance and how could it affect your life?

A

Antibiotic resistance results in a decreased ability to treat infections and illnesses in people. This can lead to the following problems: increased human illness, suffering and death, increased cost and length of treatments.

37
Q

what ways can u classify bacteria.

A

-Scientific name.
-Bacteria shapes.
-Need for oxygen.

38
Q

what ways can you classify viruses?

A

size and shape, chemical composition, and mode of replication.

bio g11 (4 decks)

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