Biodiversity Flashcards
Variety of life in our natural environment – from the smallest micro-organism to the largest mammals, including the ecosystems where they live – forests and mountains, rivers and seas.
Biodiversity
Biodiversity is observed in various levels:
- Ecological Diversity
- Species Diversity
- Genetic Diversity
❑ Refers to the variation of different ecosystems in a specified area, location, or region.
. Ecological Diversity
Higher variety of ecosystems =
High ecological diversity
▪ Refers to the variation of found within the same species or between species.
▪ The genes are responsible for the uniqueness of every living organism
Genetic Diversity
estimated that there are around _____ species of plants and animals in existence
8.7 million
High genetic diversity =
=Wider range of characteristics
▪ Refers to the variation of different organisms in an ecosystem.
▪ usually measured in terms of the total number of species
found in a particular area
Species Diversity
High variation of species =
higher species diversity.
the total number of different species in the
community
Species richness
the proportion each species represents of the total individuals in the community
Species evenness or Relative abundance
Species Diversity
Has two components
Species richness
Species evenness or Relative abundance
Biodiversity heals
About ___ % of the world’s biodiversity
resources with medicinal values are in
forests.
80
➢ Originally from South America,nintroduced in 1980 as a food source, especially to farmers.
➢ Population increased uncontrollably eventually becoming a crop pest (eats growing rice plants)
Golden Apple Snail
o Native to Africa
o Introduced:1970s
o Known to displace many native
species of fishes
o Part of Filipino diet
Tilapia
❖ Native to South America
❖ Competes with native plant species
❖ Decreases oxygen levels of water, affecting the aquatic organisms.
❖ Affects living and livelihood of
the residents in the nearby
areas.
Water Lilies
▪ Native to Spain
▪ Introduced during the colonization of the Philippines by the Spaniards.
▪ Eats rice, nicknamed as “winged rat”
Eurasian Sparrow
Contaminants that changes and damages the ecosystemcan lead to loss of habitat.
Pollution
_______ , irresponsible human practices
contribute to biodiversity loss
As a problem
_____________, humans have the knowledge, expertise and
financial resources to conserve biodiversity
As a solution
species that are on the near
possibility of becoming extinct.
Endangered Species
species that are on the near
possibility of becoming endanged.
Threatened Species
▪ Only around 100 individuals are surviving
▪ Endangered due to:
1. Illegal trading
2. Loss of habitat
3. Hunting
Philippine Crocodile
▪ Only around 400 adult individuals are
surviving
▪ Endangered due to:
1. Illegal trading
2. Loss of habitat
3. Loss of prey
4. Hunting
Philippine Eagle
▪ No estimate on the remaining
population
▪ Endangered due to:
1. Loss of habitat
2. Hunting
Philippine Wild Pigs
variety of organisms participate in many
interactions in the environment: food chain/food web, decomposition and increase of soil fertility.
Ecosystem Services
organisms are conserved away from their
natural habitat.
Ex situ conservation
organisms are conserved within their
natural habitat
In situ conservation
