Biodiveristy

Question 1

Biodiversity

Answer 1

Is measure of the variation found in the living world

Question 2

Habitat biodiversity

Answer 2

Is a place where individuals in species live

Question 3

Species biodiversity

Answer 3

Consists of individual organism that are similar in appearance, anatomy, physiology , biochemistry and genetics

Question 4

Genetic biodiversity

Answer 4

Is the variation between individuals belonging to the same species

Question 5

Random sampling -

Advantages and disadvantages

Answer 5

Sample sites inside the habitat ae randomly selected .

Ad- Ensures that the data are not biased by selective sampling
Dis- May not cover all areas of the habitat equally
- Species with low presence may be missed leading to an underestimate of biodiversity.

Question 6

Opportunistic sampling - non random

Advantages and disadvantages

Answer 6

Is when the researcher makes sampling decisions based on their own knowledge or during the process of collective data,

Ad- Easier and quicker than random sampling
Dis - Data may be biased
- the presence of a large species may entice the researcher to include the species leading to overestimate of biodiversity

Question 7

Stratified sampling

Advantages and disadvantages

Answer 7

Dividing a habitat into areas which appear differently and sampling and sampling each area separately

Ad- ensures all different areas of habitat are sampled
Dis - This may lead to over-representation of some areas in the sample.

Question 8

Systematic sampling

Advantages and disadvantages

Answer 8

Is when samples are taken at fixed intervals across the habitat

Ad - Is useful when habitat shows clear gradient in some environmental factor
Dis - Only species on line/ belt is recorded and other species may be missed leading to underestimate of biodiversity

Question 9

species richness

Answer 9

the number of different species in an area

Question 10

species evenness

Answer 10

number of individuals of each species

Question 11

Locus

Answer 11

the position of the gene on a chromosome

Question 12

what affects biodiversity

Answer 12

human population growth, agriculture and climate change

Question 13

What do each parts of simpsons index means?

Answer 13

D = 1 - (Σ(n/N)2)
n= total number individuals of one species
N= total number of organisms of all species
Σ= sum of

Question 14

What is the formula for the proportion of polymorphic gene loci?

Answer 14

Number of polymorphic gene loci/ total number of loci

Question 15

What are adv and disadvantages of in-situ conservation?

Answer 15

Adv - both species and their habitat conserved. Larger populations can be protected and it’s less disruptive than removing organisms from their habitats. Have greater chance of population of species than in ex situ.
Dis - difficult to control some factors that are threatening species

Question 16

What is the CITES agreement/aims?

Answer 16

• Convention on international trade in endangered species is an agreement designed to increase international cooperation in regulating trade in wild animals and plant specimens
• Member countries all agreed to make it illegal to kill endangered species
• Agreement helps to conserve species by limiting trade through licensing and by making it illegal to trade in products made from endangered animals
• Also designed to raise awareness of threats to biodiversity through education

Question 17

What is the aim of the countryside Stewardship Scheme?

Answer 17

• Improve the natural beauty and diversity of the countryside
• Enhance , restore and recreate targeted landscapes , their wildlife habitats and historical features.
• Improve opportunities for public access