Biochemistry Vocab Flashcards
Do not contain carbon and hydrogen at the same time. ________ molecules.
Inorganic molecules
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A type of molecule that contains carbon, the key element of life.
Organic molecules
A key element of life,can form bonds with itself. Single, double, triple, and ring bonds.
Carbon
A liquid that makes up 60-98% of living things, needed for transport of nutrients.
Water
Something that helps contain water balance
Salt
An equally distributed mixture using a solute and solvent.
Solution
What the solute is dissolved in
Solvent
The substance being dissolved. Examples are salt or sugar.
Solute
Compounds that contain bonds through carbon
Organic compounds
Many molecules classified as this;
Macromolecules
A full compound of sugar, but with removal of H2O
Disaccharides
Half of a sugar compound, but with H2O
Monosaccharides
Combination of simple molecules to create a complex one, except with the removal of water.
Dehydration synthesis
Addition of H2O to split a disaccharide.
Hydrolysis
Also known as fats, these have control over energy. Mostly protecting, storing, and insulating. Saturated, or unsaturated.
Lipids
A type of lipid based on cholesterol,and increases testosterone production.
Steroids
A double helix that contains instructions for cells. Found in chromosomes.
DNA
A strand made from DNA to pass through the nucleus.
RNA
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction
Catalyst
An organic catalyst made of protein.
Enzyme
Pocket in an enzyme where the substrate fits.
Active site
A molecule that works with an enzyme
Substrate
Molecular attraction that holds two substances together
Adhesion
The effect of molecules sticking to itself, specifically water
Cohesion
The acids are DNA, found in the nucleus
Nucleic acids
The idea that an enzyme fits perfectly with what molecule it accepts.
Lock and key model
The combination of an enzyme and substrate
Enzyme-substrate complex
The scale in which a substances pH is listed.
pH scale
When an enzyme begins to lose effect, due to a change in pH or temperature
Denature
