Biochemistry Test

Question 1

What is a carbohydrate and it’s function?

Answer 1

Sugar, the primary source of energy for the body.`

Question 2

Monosaccharide

Answer 2

Simple sugar, one sugar molecule, example glucose

Question 3

Disaccharide

Answer 3

Complex sugar, two monosaccharides, lactose

Question 4

Polysaccharide

Answer 4

Complex sugar, multiple monosaccharides or disaccharides,

Question 5

Lipid

Answer 5

Biomolecule that includes fats and oils and waxes. Stores energy, builds cell membranes

Question 6

Saturated Fat

Answer 6

There is one bond between carbon atoms in the lipids fatty acid chain

Question 7

Unsaturated Fat

Answer 7

There is more than one bond between carbon atoms in the fatty acid chain.

Question 8

Trans Fat

Answer 8

There is an unsaturated double bond between carbon atoms in the fatty acid chain

Question 9

Protein

Answer 9

Biomolecule that can be used as energy, build important structures, transport materials, and speed up chemical reactions

Question 10

Amino Acid

Answer 10

Proteins are made out of amino acids

Question 11

Nucleic Acid

Answer 11

The biomolecule that contains genetic information to be followed and passed down

Question 12

Nucleotide

Answer 12

Building blocks of nucleic acids

Question 13

DNA

Answer 13

Most common genetic material, deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 14

RNA

Answer 14

Ribonucleic acid that controls decoding and coding of genes.

Question 15

Chemical Reaction

Answer 15

A process where two substances are combined and change

Question 16

Enzyme

Answer 16

A protein that speeds up chemical reactions

Question 17

Substrate

Answer 17

Molecule upon which an enzyme acts

Question 18

Active Site

Answer 18

Where in the enzyme the substrate bonds and the reaction occurs

Question 19

Denature

Answer 19

To destroy or alter the nature of a material

Question 20

Metabolism

Answer 20

The intake of food and use of it to power the body

Question 21

Order of bigness

Answer 21

Atom, molecule, macromolecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system

Question 22

Catalyst

Answer 22

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being damaged permanently

Question 23

Reactant

Answer 23

The thing at which the catalyst changes

Question 24

Product

Answer 24

The end substance after a chemical reaction

Question 25

Minerals

Answer 25

Support biochemical reactions and processes, ingested through food

Question 26

Calorie

Answer 26

Measurement of energy

Question 27

Vitamins

Answer 27

Support biochemical reactions and processes, ingested through food

Question 28

Small intestine

Answer 28

Food moves through intestines covered in villi that take in nutrients and it releases the enzymes into the food. (Comes after Stomach and 2nd Sphincter)

Question 29

Large Intestine

Answer 29

Colon. Food moves through intestine and water is absorbed (Comes After Small Intestine)

Question 30

Mouth

Answer 30

Food comes in.

Question 31

Sphincter

Answer 31

Tube that food moves through (Comes after Esophagus, Stomach)

Question 32

Liver

Answer 32

Produces bile that breaks up fats and aids in vitamin absorbtion

Question 33

Gall Bladder

Answer 33

Stores bile from Liver

Question 34

Rectum

Answer 34

Short tube that connects colon to anus

Question 35

Anus

Answer 35

Food comes out as a stool (After Rectum)

Question 36

Kidney

Answer 36

Excrete excess nitrogen, salt and water through urine

Question 37

Stomach

Answer 37

Stores food, mechanically breaks it down, digests with stomach acid (After Sphincter (Esophagus))

Question 38

Esophagus

Answer 38

Long tube that connects pharynx (back of throat) to stomach