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MBCHB PRINCIPLES > Biochemistry > Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

1
Q

bond strength (strongest to weakest)

A

covalent, ionic, hydrogen, hydrophobic interactions, van der waals

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2
Q

OILRIG

A

oxidation is loss, reduction is gain

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3
Q

reducing agent

A

electron donor

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4
Q

oxidising agent

A

electron acceptor

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5
Q

oxidation states of carbon

A

alkane, alcohol, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, co2

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6
Q

function of biomolecules

A 
information storage
structural
energy generation
energy currency/storage
recognition
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7
Q

major classes of biomolecules

A

proteins/peptides
lipids
nucleic acids
carbohydrates

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8
Q

3 classes of carbohydrates

A

monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides

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9
Q

eg of monosaccharides

A

glucose

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10
Q

eg of disaccharides

A

lactose

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11
Q

eg of polysaccharides

A

cellulose/ glucose swell

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12
Q

1st law of thermodynamics

A

energy is neither created nor destroyed

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13
Q

2nd law of thermodynamics

A

energy covered from one form to another, some of that energy becomes unavailable to do work

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14
Q

change in free energy=?

A

energy of products - energy of reactants

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15
Q

delta G =?

A

deltaH - TdeltaS

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16
Q

what is entropy

A

state of disorder in a system (S)

17
Q

what is enthalpy

A

heat content (H)

18
Q

free energy?

A

G

19
Q

what is exergonic

A

negative (free energy of products is LESS than reactants)

can occur spontaneously

20
Q

what is endergonic

A

positive (free energy of products is MORE than reactants)
cannot occur spontaneously
needs an input of energy

21
Q

what happen if deltaG is near zero in an equilibrium

A

readily reversibles reaction

22
Q

what is catabolism

A

breaking down - releasing energy eg glycolysis

23
Q

what is anabolism

A

building up - energy consuming eg gluconeogenesis

24
Q

what is an amphipathic molecule

A

hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules (polar head and non polar tail)
forms micelles in water

25
Q

what are stereoisomers

A

non superimposable mirror images

26
Q

types of amino acids

A

non polar/hydrophobic
polar/uncharged
acidic
basic

27
Q

acids …

A

donate a proton

28
Q

bases…

A

accept a proton

29
Q

what is the acid dissociation constant

A

Ka

30
Q

what is pH

A

measurement of amount of protons in a solution

31
Q

how are peptide bonds made?

A

condensation reaction
negative carboxyl
positive amino

32
Q

what does a buffer do

A

control pH of reaction mixture

33
Q

pH=

A

pKa

34
Q

what are zwitterions

A

amino acids without charge side groups in neutral solutions

35
Q

what is the isoelectric pH

A

pH at which a molecule has no net charge

36
Q

proteins structures?

A

primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary

37
Q

collagen triple helix

A

abundant in connective tissue

MBCHB PRINCIPLES (6 decks)

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