Biochemistry Flashcards
bond strength (strongest to weakest)
covalent, ionic, hydrogen, hydrophobic interactions, van der waals
OILRIG
oxidation is loss, reduction is gain
reducing agent
electron donor
oxidising agent
electron acceptor
oxidation states of carbon
alkane, alcohol, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, co2
function of biomolecules
information storage structural energy generation energy currency/storage recognition
major classes of biomolecules
proteins/peptides
lipids
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
3 classes of carbohydrates
monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
eg of monosaccharides
glucose
eg of disaccharides
lactose
eg of polysaccharides
cellulose/ glucose swell
1st law of thermodynamics
energy is neither created nor destroyed
2nd law of thermodynamics
energy covered from one form to another, some of that energy becomes unavailable to do work
change in free energy=?
energy of products - energy of reactants
delta G =?
deltaH - TdeltaS
what is entropy
state of disorder in a system (S)
what is enthalpy
heat content (H)
free energy?
G
what is exergonic
negative (free energy of products is LESS than reactants)
can occur spontaneously
what is endergonic
positive (free energy of products is MORE than reactants)
cannot occur spontaneously
needs an input of energy
what happen if deltaG is near zero in an equilibrium
readily reversibles reaction
what is catabolism
breaking down - releasing energy eg glycolysis
what is anabolism
building up - energy consuming eg gluconeogenesis
what is an amphipathic molecule
hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules (polar head and non polar tail)
forms micelles in water
