Biochemistry Flashcards
What holds atoms together?
chemical bonds
a Molecule is a collection of _____ connected to one another
Atoms
how are chemical bonds created?
+2 atoms sharing electrons that orbit around them often create chemical bonds
molecules reshuffle atoms and trade with one another in the process of ________
chemical reaction
atoms
any physical thing living or nonliving is made up of this basic unit of matter
Atoms consist of three subatomic particles which are :
- protons - positive charge (Inside the nucleus)
- neutrons - neutral charge (Inside the nucleus)
- electrons - negative charge (outside the nucleus)
Element
One particular type of Atom found on the periodic table at that cannot be separated
four elements that make up 96.5% of the total weight of a human being
carbon nitrogen hydrogen and oxygen
bohr’s model shows
electrons surround the nucleus in regions called energy levels
how much electrons does each shell have
first one has two electrons
all other ones have eight electrons
compounds
substance made of atoms of different elements are often linked or chemically bonding together
the ____ of a compound determines the function
shape
compounds properties are often ______ from the properties of the elements that end up making together
different
Ions
an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons
The type of Ion that forms depends on the number of ______ in an atoms outer energy level or valance
electrons
hydrogen is needed to produce
Chemical energy
calcium is needed for
muscle movement
chloride is needed for
Chemical signals (also potassium) to brain
ionic bonds are formed thru ____
electrical forces oppositely charged ions
One or more electrons are transferred so both elements now have a full outer shell
how do all atoms complete an outershell?
when they come in contact with other items they tend to want to give up or gain electrons
Covalent bond
electrons are shared between two or more atoms of elements to gain full outer shells
water is a ____ molecule
polar molecule
