Biochemistry Flashcards
Fill in the blank: The hydroxyl group (-OH) is characteristic of __________.
alcohols
What functional group is represented by -COOH?
Carboxyl group
Which functional group is associated with amines?
Amino group (-NH2)
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic functional group of aldehydes? A) -OH B) -CHO C) -COOH D) -NH2
-CHO
What is the structure of a carbonyl group?
A carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O).
Fill in the blank: The functional group -NH2 is known as the __________ group.
amino
Multiple Choice: Which functional group is found in carbohydrates? A) -OH B) -COOH C) -NH2 D) -SH
-OH
What is a key characteristic of esters?
They contain a carbonyl group adjacent to an ether link.
Fill in the blank: The -SH group is known as the __________ group.
sulfhydryl
What is the functional group characteristic of ketones?
A carbonyl group (C=O) located within the carbon chain.
Multiple Choice: Which functional group is associated with fatty acids? A) -OH B) -COOH C) -NH2 D) -CHO
-COOH
What defines a saturated hydrocarbon?
A hydrocarbon with only single bonds between carbon atoms.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a functional group found in sugars? A) -NH2 B) -COOH C) -OH D) -SH
-OH
What type of functional group is a phosphate group?
A group containing phosphorus and oxygen, often found in nucleotides.
True or False: The presence of functional groups can influence the solubility of compounds.
True
Fill in the blank: The __________ group is responsible for the smell of rotten eggs.
sulfhydryl
Multiple Choice: Which functional group is responsible for the acidity of vinegar? A) -OH B) -COOH C) -CHO D) -NH2
-COOH
Alcohol
hydroxyl group (-OH)
-> Carbohydrates
-> Amino acids
Aldehyde
terminal carbonyl group ( -COH )
O
ll
H-C-C-H
Ketone
Embedded carbonyl group (C=O)
H O H
l ll l
H-C-C-C-H
l l
H H
Carboxylic Acid
terminal carboxyl group (-COOH)
C-OH
ll
O
->Sugars
->Fatty acids
->Amino acids
Ester
Embedded carbonyl group
O
ll
C-C-O-C
Amino acids
Amine group (NH²)
H
C-N-H
Chemical properties of water
acidic & basic
electronegative regions
electropositive regions
Thermal properties of water
High “specific heat” capacity
Resistant to temperature changes
Evaporative cooling: when water evaporates, heat is carried eith water vapor
metabolic properties of water
harmless reactant/product of metabolic reactions
Dehydration
Synthesis Rxn
OH+OH=H²O and bonded molecule thru O
Hydrolysis
O bound molecule + H²O -> two molecules with OH
