Biochemistry

Question 1

Fill in the blank: The hydroxyl group (-OH) is characteristic of __________.

Answer 1

alcohols

Question 2

What functional group is represented by -COOH?

Answer 2

Carboxyl group

Question 3

Which functional group is associated with amines?

Answer 3

Amino group (-NH2)

Question 4

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic functional group of aldehydes? A) -OH B) -CHO C) -COOH D) -NH2

Answer 4

-CHO

Question 5

What is the structure of a carbonyl group?

Answer 5

A carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O).

Question 6

Fill in the blank: The functional group -NH2 is known as the __________ group.

Answer 6

amino

Question 7

Multiple Choice: Which functional group is found in carbohydrates? A) -OH B) -COOH C) -NH2 D) -SH

Answer 7

-OH

Question 8

What is a key characteristic of esters?

Answer 8

They contain a carbonyl group adjacent to an ether link.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The -SH group is known as the __________ group.

Answer 9

sulfhydryl

Question 10

What is the functional group characteristic of ketones?

Answer 10

A carbonyl group (C=O) located within the carbon chain.

Question 11

Multiple Choice: Which functional group is associated with fatty acids? A) -OH B) -COOH C) -NH2 D) -CHO

Answer 11

-COOH

Question 12

What defines a saturated hydrocarbon?

Answer 12

A hydrocarbon with only single bonds between carbon atoms.

Question 13

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a functional group found in sugars? A) -NH2 B) -COOH C) -OH D) -SH

Answer 13

-OH

Question 14

What type of functional group is a phosphate group?

Answer 14

A group containing phosphorus and oxygen, often found in nucleotides.

Question 15

True or False: The presence of functional groups can influence the solubility of compounds.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The __________ group is responsible for the smell of rotten eggs.

Answer 16

sulfhydryl

Question 17

Multiple Choice: Which functional group is responsible for the acidity of vinegar? A) -OH B) -COOH C) -CHO D) -NH2

Answer 17

-COOH

Question 18

Alcohol

Answer 18

hydroxyl group (-OH)

-> Carbohydrates
-> Amino acids

Question 19

Aldehyde

Answer 19

terminal carbonyl group ( -COH )
O
ll
H-C-C-H

Question 20

Ketone

Answer 20

Embedded carbonyl group (C=O)
H O H
l ll l
H-C-C-C-H
l l
H H

Question 21

Carboxylic Acid

Answer 21

terminal carboxyl group (-COOH)

C-OH
ll
O

->Sugars
->Fatty acids
->Amino acids

Question 22

Ester

Answer 22

Embedded carbonyl group
O
ll
C-C-O-C

Question 23

Amino acids

Answer 23

Amine group (NH²)
H
C-N-H

Question 24

Chemical properties of water

Answer 24

acidic & basic
electronegative regions
electropositive regions

Question 25

Thermal properties of water

Answer 25

High “specific heat” capacity
Resistant to temperature changes
Evaporative cooling: when water evaporates, heat is carried eith water vapor

Question 26

metabolic properties of water

Answer 26

harmless reactant/product of metabolic reactions

Question 27

Dehydration

Answer 27

Synthesis Rxn
OH+OH=H²O and bonded molecule thru O

Question 28

Hydrolysis

Answer 28

O bound molecule + H²O -> two molecules with OH