Biochemical Reactions

Question 1

These are proteins. Tertiary and quaternary structure.

Answer 1

Enzymes

Question 2

Each enzyme has a unique 3-D shape, including a surface groove called an

Answer 2

active site

Question 3

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE ENZYME ACTIVITY

Answer 3

Temperature
 pH
 Cofactors & Coenzymes
 Inhibitors

Question 4

Most ___ are coenzymes essential
in helping move atoms between
molecules in the formation of
carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Answer 4

vitamins

Question 5

TWO TYPES OF ENZYME INHIBITOR

Answer 5

Competitive inhibitor
Non-competitive inhibitor

Question 6

 Chemicals that resemble an enzyme’s normal substrate and compete with it for the active site.
 Reversible depending on concentration of inhibitor and substrate.

Answer 6

Competitive inhibitor

Question 7

 Do not enter active site, but bind
to another part of the enzyme,
causing the enzyme & active site
to change shape.
 Usually reversible, depending
on concentration of inhibitor &
substrate

Answer 7

Non-competitive inhibitor

Question 8

main form of energy from the sun is in the form of

Answer 8

electromagnetic radiation

Question 9

– accessory pigments – captures
more light energy
 Red, orange & yellow

Answer 9

Carotenoids

Question 10

energy-rich chemical produced through photosynthesis

Answer 10

Glucose

Question 11

– series of reactions where the product of one reaction is consumed in the next

Answer 11

Biochemical pathway

Question 12

The transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another

Answer 12

REDOX REACTION

Question 13

Two types of redox reaction

Answer 13

Oxidation is the loss of e-
Reduction is the gain of e

Question 14

– carbon atoms from CO2 are
bonded or ‘fixed’ into carbohydrates

Answer 14

Carbon fixation

Question 15

– use Calvin cycle exclusively
 Form 3-carbon compounds

Answer 15

C3 plants

Question 16

– evolved in hot, dry climate
 Form 4-carbon compounds
 Partially close stomata
 E.g. Corn, sugar cane, crabgrass

Answer 16

C4 pathway

Question 17

– open stomata at night, close in day
 Grow slow, lose less water
 E.g. cactus, pineapple

Answer 17

CAM