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162 LEC 2 > Biochemical Assessment > Flashcards

Biochemical Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Six essential nutrients

A
  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Lipids
  • Minerals
  • Vitamins
  • Water
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2
Q

Nutritional requirements depend on which factors

A

Age, sex, activity

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3
Q

Imbalance in nutritional intake leads to ____

A

Malnutrition

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4
Q

Disease of energy or calorie deficiency

A

Marasmus

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5
Q

Protein deficiency characterized by peripheral edema

A

Kwashiorkor

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6
Q

Hypoproteinemia can lead to ______

A

edema

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7
Q

Undernutrition states

A

Wasting, stunting, underweight

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8
Q

Enumerate pathological factors which may affect nutrition

A

Genetics
Infections
Medical and surgical illnesses
Malignancies
Medications

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9
Q

Inflammation leads to _______ nutritional need

A

increased

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10
Q

To see trends, it is best to compare current results to __________ if available

A

historic baseline test

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11
Q

Biochemical tests are part of the _____

A

Nutrition Care Process

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12
Q

When are biochemical tests ordered?

A
  • Diagnose diseases
  • support nutrition diagnoses
  • Monitor effectiveness of nutrition interventions
  • Evaluate medication effectiveness
  • Evaluate NCP interventions
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13
Q

How many steps is present in NCP?

A

Four

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13
Q

NCP is also known as ____ which guides nutrition professionals in providing individualized care

A

ADIME

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14
Q

A in ADIME stands for

A

Nutrition assessment and reassessment

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15
Q

D in ADIME stands for

A

Nutrition diagnosis

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16
Q

I in ADIME stands for

A

Nutrition intervention

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17
Q

ME in ADIME stands for

A

Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation

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18
Q

What are the steps in Nutrition Diagnosis?

A

○ Identify the problem
○ Determine the cause and contributing risk factors
○ Cluster signs and symptoms
○ Document

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19
Q

Functions of Electrolytes

A
  • Muscle contraction
  • Acid-base balance
  • Functioning as coenzymes
20
Q

Electrolytes are affected by ____

A

hydration levels

21
Q

Dehydration increases risk of _____

A

hypovolemic shock

22
Q

Overhydration can lead to _____

A

hypokalemia

23
Q

What does hypokalemia stand for

A

low potassium

24
Q

Predictors of nitrogen balance and indicators of renal function

A

Blood Urea (BUN) and serum creatinine

25
Q

Low levels of serum creatinine can be indicative of ____

A

lower muscle mass

26
Q

Urea comes from ____ and ____

A

Protein metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism

27
Q

Urea and creatinine are nitrogenous compounds harmful especially to ______

A

Brain and Liver

28
Q

What is azotemia

A

Increased nitrogen concentration in blood

29
Q

In kidney impairment, urea and creatinine are retained in the ____

A

Blood

30
Q

In dehydrated patients, BUN and creatinine are falsely ____

A

high

31
Q

Blood glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels can indicate _____

A

metabolic syndrome

32
Q

_____ can also be a nonspecific indicator of inflammatory response

A

Hyperglycemia

33
Q

Glycogenolysis can take place during _____

A

inflammation

34
Q

_____ can be seen in malnourished individuals

A

Low cholesterol levels

35
Q

Anemia is seen in subjects with _____

A

low hemoglobin levels

36
Q

Hemoglobin levels can be obtain through ______

A

CBC

37
Q

Undernutrition and protein deficiency generally lead to _____

A

impaired immune response

38
Q

Lymphocyte functioning is affected by ______

A

Chronic malnutrition

39
Q

Enumerate visceral proteins

A

○ Albumin
○ Prealbumin
○ Transferrin
○ Retinol-binding protein

40
Q

What is the main protein in the blood?

A

Albumin

41
Q

This blood protein maintains colloidal osmotic pressure

A

Albumin

42
Q

Albumin cannot be used as a parameter for nutritional assessment due to its ______

A

long half-life

43
Q

What diseases may be tested for subjects with low serum albumin level?

A
  • Liver cirrhosis
  • Nephrotic syndrome
44
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: There are routine micronutrient level assessments.

A

FALSE, Tests for micronutrient levels are performed in the laboratory deliberately with separate equipment and reagents

45
Q

Schilling test is used for ____

A

B 12 deficiency

46
Q

What test is used to differentiate between different types of anemia?

A

Iron Panel

47
Q

Macrocytic anemia is caused by _____

A

Vitamin 12 deficiency

48
Q

C-reactive protein (CRP)

A

○ Most common state
○ Indicates inflammation

162 LEC 2 (5 decks)

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