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BIOCHEM > BIOCHEM PART 4 > Flashcards

BIOCHEM PART 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Use as diluent, binder, disintegrant

A

Starch

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2
Q

A linear, composed of 250 to 300 D- glucopyranose units

A

Amylose

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3
Q

Branching (every25units) consists of 1000 or more glucose units

A

Amylopectin

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4
Q

Amylose bond

A

linked by α -1, 4 glucosidic bonds

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5
Q

Amylopectin bond

A

α-1,4 linkages, α -1,6 (branch)

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6
Q

Starch that is more soluble in water

A

Amylose

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7
Q

Amylose + iodine

A

deep blue complex

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8
Q

amylopectin+iodine

A

blue-violet or purple color

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9
Q

20% starch molecule

A

Amylose

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10
Q

80% starch molecule

A

Amylopectin

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11
Q

an enzyme present in pancreatic juice and saliva, hydrolyzes starch by a random splitting of α -1,4-glycosidic linkages.

A

Alpha -amylase

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12
Q

Enzyme present in saliva

A

ptyalin

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13
Q

Enzyme present in pancreatin

A

amylopsin

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14
Q

Alpha -amylase end product

A

glucose, maltose, amylopectin

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15
Q

Produces its effect by removing maltose units from the nonreducing ends of polysaccharide molecules.

A

ß- Amylase

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16
Q

Enzyme involve in fruit ripening

A

ß- Amylase

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17
Q

Enzyme involve in fruit ripening

A

ß- Amylase

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18
Q

Glycogen bond

A

α 1, 4 and α 1, 6 every 8-10 units

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19
Q

Cellulose bond

A

β 1, 4 glycosidic bond

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20
Q

Most abundant carbohydrate in nature

A

Cellulose

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21
Q

Diagnostic agent for kidney fxn.

A

Inulin

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22
Q

Inulin bond

A

β 1, 2 glycosidic bond

23
Q

Protective barrier, fertilizer, flavorants, emulsifying agent

A

Chitin

24
Q

Homopolymers of N-acetyl-B-D- glucosamine

A

Chilin

25
Q

adjunct in the treatment of shock also use as plasma expander

A

10% solution dextran

26
Q

Class of low molecular carbohydrates produced from the partial hydrolysis of starch

A

Dextrin

27
Q

Adhesive stiffening agent (surgical cast), diluent, binder, thickening agent

A

Dextrin

28
Q

Fisher Projection is developed by

A

Emil Fischer

29
Q

2 dimensional representation of 3D molecule using vertical and horizontal line

A

Fisher Projection

30
Q

Visual projections that can still determine the stereoisomers

A

Fisher Projection

31
Q

Determine the # of stereoisomers in a monosaccharide

A

Van’t hoff rule

32
Q

Provide a more exact representation of the three-dimensional conformation of sugars in nature

A

“boat and “chair” forms

33
Q

Compounds with the same molecular formula but with different structures.

A

Isomers

34
Q

Stereoisomer also known as

A

configurational isomers

35
Q

Compounds wherein the atoms are connected in the same way, but differ in how it’s arranged in space.

A

Stereoisomer

36
Q

4 different attachments one that has four different groups attached to it. cannot be superimposed on its mirror image

A

Chiral molecule

37
Q

Stereoisomers that are non-superimposable images of each other
Chirality is a property of it.

A

Enantiomer

38
Q

Differ in some stereocenter but are not mirror image. Stereoisomers that are not enantiomers/mirror images of each other.

A

DIASTEREOMER

39
Q

Diastereomers that differ ONLY in the configuration at a single chiral carbon atom

A

EPIMER

40
Q

The only carbon in the molecule that is bonded to two oxygen atoms, usually carbon. The carbon on which this occurs is therefore called an anomeric carbon.

A

ANOMER

41
Q

An organic chemical reaction by an aldehyde or ketone with a cyanide anion or a nitrile to form a cyanohydrin

A

Cyanohydrin formation

42
Q

Cyanohydrin formation is also known as

A

Kiliani Fischer

43
Q

A reaction used to increase the # of carbon of a sugar

A

Cyanohydrin formation

44
Q

Removal of 1 carbon atom from molecule of an aldose

A

Ruff Degradation

45
Q

Interconversion or transformation from aldose to ketose or from ketose to aldose, this process will then perform unsaturated alcohol

A

Lobry de Bruyn Degradation

46
Q

The carbonyl group of Aldose will be linked to phenylhydrazine

A

Osazonereaction

47
Q

means the addition of oxygen to a molecule or the removal of hydrogen from a molecule.

A

Oxidation reaction

48
Q

means the addition of hydrogen to a molecule or the removal of oxygen from a molecule

A

Reduction reaction

49
Q

berries of mountain ash

A

Sorbitol

50
Q

Half as sweet as sucrose

A

Sorbitol

51
Q

Humectant in toothpaste

A

Sorbitol

52
Q

component of tweens and spans – used as emulsifying agent/surfactants

A

Sorbitan

53
Q

Mannitol is isolated from the plant

A

Fraxinus Ornus or “manna plant”

54
Q

The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharide can react with inorganic oxyacids to form inorganic esters.

A

Phosphorylation

BIOCHEM (7 decks)

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