Biochem 1-6 discrete Flashcards
As an acidic amino acid, it must have a Pi below…
7
What makes glutamic acid an acidic amino acid?
it has an extra carboxyl group
For an acidic amino acid, at neutral pH, what happens to the carboxyl groups and what is the result?
both carboxyl groups are deprotonated and thus negatively charged
Relationship between nonpolar groups and dipoles, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic/hydrophilic
Nonpolar groups are NOT capable of forming dipoles or hydrogen bonds, so they are hydrophobic
Peptide bonds
- what do they involve
- what type of reaction
- bond character?
primary covalent bond between the amino acids that make up proteins.
Condensation reaction between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of the adjacent amino acid. they have partial double bond character
what happens when you denature a protein?
Protein loses 3D structure and function
The α-helix is held together primarily by…
hydrogen bonds b/t the carboxyl groups and amino groups of amino acids
Disulfide bridgesand hydrophobic effects are primarily involved in 1˚, 2˚, or 3˚ structures?
disulfide bridges and hydrophobic effects are primarily involved in 3˚ structures
what can denture proteins
high salt concentrations
detergents
high temperatures
what does it mean to move a protein to a hypotonic environment
you’re moving it to a lower solute concentration environment
what does it mean to cross the cell membrane in terms of environment
it means that it would be exposed to a hydrophobic environment
which amino acids have a chiral carbon in its side chain?
threonine and isoleucine
what effect does adding base to a solution?
bases catalyzes peptide bond hydrolysis thereby cleaving peptide residues and enzyme activity is often reduced to 0
what amino acid has ionizable side chains?
histidine
When given a basic amino acid, how do you find the pKa of the side chain?
take the two highest pkas given and average
