Bioartificial Organs

Question 1

What is a bioartificial organ?

Answer 1

a human made device designed to replace, duplicate, or augment functionality of a missing, diseased, or incomplete body part which requires a non-biologic material interface within the living tissue
Does not include transplants from a donor
Can be temporary or permanent
Includes cosmetic devices

Question 2

What is an autograft?

Answer 2

Tissue taken from oneself
Tissue taken. modified, then returned to the same individual
Ex: bone graft, skin graft, coronary artery bypass grafting, ligands tendons
Usually no immune event or rejection

Question 3

What is an allograft?

Answer 3

Transplant of an organ or tissue between two genetically non-identical members of the same species
Most transplants are allograft
Immune rejection event usually occurs

Question 4

What is an isograft?

Answer 4

organ or tissue in which the donor and recipient are genetically identical
minimal chance of immune rejection

Question 5

What is a Xenograft?

Answer 5

transplant of organs or tissue from one species to another
can be extremely dangerous
still in research stages
Porcine heart valve
baboon to human heart

Question 6

What are the four groups of bioartifical organs?

Answer 6

bone/joint replacements
skin/soft tissue like cartilage
internal organs
sensory organs

Question 7

What is tissue engineering?

Answer 7

use of cells, artificial materials, and suitable chemical factors to improve or replace biological functions

Question 8

What is bioprinting?

Answer 8

living cells are precisely printed based on a pattern

Question 9

How are bioartificial organs generated in industry?

Answer 9

Using biomaterials

Question 10

What is regenerative medicine?

Answer 10

use of stem cells to grow an organ in a laboratory setting