BIO2231 - Exam - Phylum Tree

Question 1

Phylum Porifera

Answer 1

Sponges

Class Homoscleromorpha

Class Hexactinellida (Glass sponges) 
Class Demonspongiae 
Class Calcarea (Carbonate sponges) 

_{BIO2231 10aa}

Question 2

Phylum Ctenophora

Answer 2

Comb Jellies

_{BIO2231 10ab}

Question 3

Clade Bilateria

Answer 3

Triploblasts

Superphylum Deuterostomia
Clade Protostomia

_{BIO2231 10ac}

Question 4

Superphylum Deuterostomia

Answer 4

Blastopore becomes anus

Phylum Chordata
Phylum Echinodermata (Starfish, sea urchins)
Phylum Hemichordata (Acorn worms)

_{BIO2231 10ad}

Question 5

Phylum Cnidaria

Answer 5

Anemones, corals, jelly fish

Class Anthozoa (Sea anemones, corals, sea pens)
Class Hydrozoa (Hydroids/Hydra like)
Class Scyphozoa (True jellyfish)

_{BIO2231 10ae}

Question 6

Class Anthozoa

Answer 6

Sea anemones, corals, sea pens

Subclass Octocorallia (horny/soft corals)
Subclass Hexacorallia (Anemones & hard corals)

_{BIO2231 10af}

Question 7

Subclass Hexacorallia

Answer 7

Anemones & hard corals

Order Actinaria (sea anemones)
Order Scleractinia (stony corals)

_{BIO2231 10ag}

Question 8

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Answer 8

Flatworms

Class Turbellaria 
Superclass Neodermata (Parasitic)

_{BIO2231 10ah}

Question 9

Superclass Neodermata

Answer 9

Parasitic

Class Trematoda (Flukes)
Class Cestoda (Tapeworms)
Class Monogenea (Monogentic Flukes)

_{BIO2231 10ai}

Question 10

Phylum Mollusca

Answer 10

Molluscs

Class Polyplacophora (Chiton)
Class Gastropoda (snails and slugs)

_{BIO2231 10aj}

Question 11

Class Gastropoda

Answer 11

snails and slugs

Subclass Prosobranchia (sea snails, land snails and freshwater snails)
Informal group Opisthobranchia (sea slugs & bubble snails)
Informal group Pulmonata (Garden snails/slugs)
Class Scaphopoda (Tusk Shells)
Class Bivalvia (shell fish)
Glass Cephalopoda (squids & octopuses)

_{BIO2231 10ak}

Question 12

Phylum Annelida

Answer 12

Segmented worms

Class Sipuncula
Class Polychaeta (Bristle worms)

_{BIO2231 10al}

Question 13

Class Polychaeta

Answer 13

Bristle worms

Subclass Errantia
Subclass Sedentaria
Family Siboglinidae (tube worms)
Subclass Oligochaeta (earthworms)
Subclass Hirudinea (leeches)

_{BIO2231 10am}

Question 14

Phylum Echinodermata

Answer 14

Starfish, sea urchins

Class Crinoidea (sea lilies)
Class Asteroidea (Sea stars)
Class Ophiuroidea (Brittle stars)
Class Echinoidea (Sea Urchins)
Class Holothuroidea (Sea cucumbers)

_{BIO2231 10an}

Question 15

Phylum Arthropoda

Answer 15

Subphylum Trilobita
Subphylum Chelicerata (Spiders, mites & ticks)
Subphylum Myriapoda (Centipedes, millipedes)
Subphylum Crustacea
Subphylum Hexapoda (Insects & springtails)

_{BIO2231 11aa}

Question 16

Subphylum Chelicerata

Answer 16

Spiders, mites & ticks

Class Pycnogonida (Sea spiders)
Class Merostomata (horseshoe crabs)
Class Arachnida (Scorpions, spiders & ticks)

_{BIO2231 11ab}

Question 17

Common name

Class Merostomata

Answer 17

Horseshoe crabs

_{BIO2231 11ac}

Question 18

Common name

Class Pycnogonida

Answer 18

Sea spiders

_{BIO2231 11ad}

Question 19

Class Arachnida

Answer 19

Scorpions, spiders & ticks

Order Acari (Tick & mites)
Order Araneae (Spiders)
Order Opiliones (Harvestmen)
Order Scorpiones (Scorpions)

_{BIO2231 11ae}

Question 20

Common name

Order Acari

Answer 20

Tick & mites

_{BIO2231 11af}

Question 21

Common name

Order Araneae

Answer 21

Spiders

_{BIO2231 11ag}

Question 22

Common name

Order Opiliones

Answer 22

Harvestmen

_{BIO2231 11ah}

Question 23

Subphylum Myriapoda

Answer 23

Centipedes, millipedes

Class Chilopoda (Centipedes)
Class Diplopoda(millipedes)

_{BIO2231 11ai}

Question 24

Common name

Class Chilopoda

Answer 24

Centipedes

_{BIO2231 11aj}

Question 25

## Footnote Common name **Class Diplopoda**

Answer 25

Millipedes _{BIO2231 11ak}

Question 26

## Footnote Common name **Subphylum Crustacea**

Answer 26

## Footnote _{BIO2231 11al}

Answer 27

``` Subclass Cirripedia (Barnacles) Sublcass Copepoda (Cyclops) Class Ostracoda (Seed shrimp) Class Remipedia Class Branchiopoda (fairy & clam shrimp etc) Class Malacostraca (Crabs, lobsters, shimp, slaters etc) ``` ## Footnote _{BIO2231 11am}

Question 28

## Footnote **Class Malacostraca**

Answer 28

Crabs, lobsters, shimp, woodlice etc ``` Order Amphipoda (Sand fleas) Order Isopoda (Incl Slater/pill bugs) Order Euphausiacea (Krill) Order Decapoda (Shrimp, lobster, crab) ``` _{BIO2231 11an}

Question 29

## Footnote Common name **Order Decapoda**

Answer 29

Shrimp, lobster, crab _{BIO2231 11ao}

Question 30

## Footnote Common name **Order Euphausiacea**

Answer 30

Krill _{BIO2231 11ap}

Question 31

## Footnote Common name **Order Isopoda**

Answer 31

Incl Slater/pill bugs _{BIO2231 11aq}

Question 32

## Footnote Common name **Order Amphipoda**

Answer 32

Sand fleas _{BIO2231 11ar}

Question 33

## Footnote **Class Branchiopoda**

Answer 33

brine & tadpole shrimp etc ``` Order Anostraca (brine shrimp or fairy shrimp) Order Notostraca (tadpole shrimp) Order Branchiopoda (water fleas) ``` _{BIO2231 11as}

Question 34

## Footnote Common name **Order Anostraca**

Answer 34

brine shrimp or fairy shrimp _{BIO2231 11at}

Question 35

## Footnote Common name **Order Notostraca**

Answer 35

tadpole shrimp _{BIO2231 11au}

Question 36

## Footnote Common name **Order Branchiopoda**

Answer 36

water fleas _{BIO2231 11av}

Question 37

## Footnote **Subphylum Hexapoda**

Answer 37

``` Class Insecta (Insects) Class Entognatha ``` ## Footnote _{BIO2231 11aw}

Question 38

## Footnote **Class Insecta**

Answer 38

``` Apterygota (No wings) Subclass Pterygota (wings) ``` ## Footnote _{BIO2231 11ax}

Question 39

## Footnote **Subclass Pterygota**

Answer 39

Winged insects ``` Infraclass Neoptera (modern insects) Infraclass Palaeoptera (‘Old wing’ insects) ``` _{BIO2231 11ay}

Question 40

## Footnote **Infraclass Palaeoptera**

Answer 40

‘Old wing’ insects ``` Order Ephemeropteroidea (Mayflies) Order Odonatoptera (Dragonflies) ``` _{BIO2231 11az}

Question 41

## Footnote Common name **Order Ephemeropteroidea**

Answer 41

Mayflies _{BIO2231 11ba}

Question 42

## Footnote Common name **Order Odonatoptera**

Answer 42

Dragonflies _{BIO2231 11bb}

Question 43

## Footnote **Infraclass Neoptera**

Answer 43

modern insects ``` Subdivision Polyneoptera (Grasshoppers, mantids, termites, earwigs, cockroaches, stoneflies) Condylognatha ``` _{BIO2231 11bc}

Question 44

## Footnote **Superorder Holometabola**

Answer 44

Endopterygota = inner wing ``` Order Lepidoptera (Butterflies & moths) Order Coleoptera (beetles) Order Diptera (flies & mosquitoes) Order Hymenoptera (ants, bees & wasps) ``` _{BIO2231 11bd}

Question 45

## Footnote Common name **Order Lepidoptera**

Answer 45

Butterflies & moths _{BIO2231 11be}

Question 46

## Footnote Common name **Order Coleoptera**

Answer 46

Beetles _{BIO2231 11bf}

Question 47

## Footnote Common name **Order Diptera**

Answer 47

Flies & mosquitoes _{BIO2231 11bg}

Question 48

## Footnote Common name **Order Hymenoptera**

Answer 48

Ants, bees & wasps _{BIO2231 11bh}

Question 49

## Footnote **Subdivision Polyneoptera**

Answer 49

* Grasshoppers * Mantids * Termites * Earwigs * Cockroaches * Stoneflies _{BIO2231 11bi}

Question 50

**Condylognatha** 9 points.

Answer 50

* Aphids * Grasshoppers * Mantids * Termites * Earwigs * Cockroaches * Stoneflies * Cicada * Backswimmers _{BIO2231 11bj}

Question 51

## Footnote **Clade Protostomia**

Answer 51

Blastopore becomes mouth ``` Superphyla Ecdysozoa (Arthropoda & Nematoda) Superphyla Lophotrochozoa (Spiral cleavage) ``` _{BIO2231 13aa}

Question 52

## Footnote **Superphyla Lophotrochozoa**

Answer 52

Spiral Cleavage Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) Phylum Mollusca (Shellfish) Phylum Bryozoa (Crown of tentacles) Phylum Annelida (segmented worms) _{BIO2231 13ab}

Question 53

## Footnote **Phylum Hemichordata**

Answer 53

Acorn worms Class Enteropneusta Class Pterobranchia _{BIO2231 13ac}

Question 54

## Footnote **Phylum Chordata**

Answer 54

vertebrates, tunicates, and lancelets Subphylum Cephalochordata (Lancelets) Subphylum Urochordata – (Tunicates e.g. sea squirts) Subphylum Vertebrata (vertebrates) _{BIO2231 13ad}

Question 55

## Footnote Common name **Subphylum Cephalochordata**

Answer 55

lancelets _{BIO2231 13ae}

Question 56

## Footnote **Subphylum Urochordata**

Answer 56

Tunicates e.g. sea squirts ``` Class Ascidiacea (sea squirts) Class Thaliacea (salps) Class Larvacea ``` _{BIO2231 13af}

Question 57

## Footnote **Subphylum Vertebrata**

Answer 57

vertebrates Superclass Agnatha (Jawless fish) Infraphylum Gnathostomata (Jawed vertebrates) _{BIO2231 13ag}

Question 58

## Footnote **Superclass Agnatha**

Answer 58

Without jaws ``` Class Myxini (Hagfish) Class Petromyzontida (Lamprey) Informal group Ostracoderms (armoured jawless fish) ``` _{BIO2231 13ah}

Question 59

## Footnote **Infraphylum Gnathostomata**

Answer 59

Jawed vertebrates ``` Class Placodermi (Prehistoric fish – jaws from gill arches) Class Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, chimaeras) Clade Teleostomi ``` _{BIO2231 13ai}

Question 60

## Footnote Common name **Class Myxini**

Answer 60

Hagfish _{BIO2231 13aj}

Question 61

## Footnote Common name **Class Petromyzontida**

Answer 61

Lamprey _{BIO2231 13ak}

Question 62

## Footnote Common name **Informal group Ostracoderms**

Answer 62

Armoured jawless fish _{BIO2231 13al}

Question 63

## Footnote Common name **Class Placodermi**

Answer 63

Prehistoric fish – jaws from gill arches _{BIO2231 13am}

Question 64

## Footnote Common name **Class Chondrichthyes**

Answer 64

sharks, rays, chimaeras _{BIO2231 13an}

Question 65

## Footnote Common name **Class Placodermi**

Answer 65

Prehistoric fish – jaws from gill arches _{BIO2231 13ao}

Question 66

## Footnote Common name **Class Chondrichthyes**

Answer 66

sharks, rays, chimaeras _{BIO2231 13ap}

Question 67

## Footnote Common name **Clade Teleostomi**

Answer 67

tetrapods, bony fish, acanthodian Class Actinopterygii (Ray finned fish) Class Acanthodii (extinct paraphyletic group of fishes) Clade Sarcopterygii (lobe finned fishes) Superclass Tetrapoda (four limbed) _{BIO2231 13aq}

Question 68

## Footnote **Superclass Tetrapoda**

Answer 68

Four limbed ``` Class Amphibia (Frogs, slamanders, caecilians) Class Mammalia (Mammals) Class Reptilia (Paraphyletic – non avian reptiles) Class Ares (Birds) ``` _{BIO2231 13ar}

Question 69

## Footnote **Class Amphibia**

Answer 69

Frogs, slamanders, caecilians ``` Order Gymnophiona (Caecilians) Order Urodela (Salamanders) Order Anura (Frogs & toads) ``` _{BIO2231 13as}

Question 70

## Footnote Common name **Order Gymnophiona**

Answer 70

Caecilians _{BIO2231 13at}

Question 71

## Footnote Common name **Order Urodela**

Answer 71

Salamanders _{BIO2231 13au}

Question 72

## Footnote Common name **Order Anura**

Answer 72

Frogs & toads _{BIO2231 13av}

Question 73

## Footnote **Class Mammalia**

Answer 73

Mammals ``` Subclass Protheria (monotremes) Clade Metatheria (Marsupials) Clade Eutheria (Placental mammals) ``` _{BIO2231 13aw}

Question 74

## Footnote Common name **Subclass Protheria**

Answer 74

monotremes _{BIO2231 13ax}

Question 75

## Footnote Common name **Clade Metatheria**

Answer 75

Marsupials _{BIO2231 13ay}

Question 76

## Footnote Common name **Clade Eutheria**

Answer 76

Placental mammals _{BIO2231 13az}

Question 77

## Footnote **Class Reptilia**

Answer 77

Paraphyletic – non avian reptiles ``` Order Testudines/Chelonia (turtles) Order Sphenodontia (Tuatara) Order Squamata (Lizards & snakes) ``` _{BIO2231 13ba}

Question 78

## Footnote Common name **Order Testudines/Chelonia**

Answer 78

Turtles _{BIO2231 13bb}

Question 79

## Footnote Common name **Order Sphenodontia**

Answer 79

Tuatara _{BIO2231 13bc}

Question 80

## Footnote Common name **Order Squamata**

Answer 80

Lizards & snakes _{BIO2231 13bd}

Question 81

## Footnote **Class Ares**

Answer 81

Birds ``` Superorder Palaeognathae (primitive palate) Superorder Neognathae (New flexible palate) ``` _{BIO2231 13be}

Question 82

## Footnote Common name **Superorder Palaeognathae**

Answer 82

Birds - primitive palate _{BIO2231 13bf}

Question 83

## Footnote Common name **Superorder Neognathae**

Answer 83

Birds New flexible palate _{BIO2231 13bg}