Bio - Urinary Sytem

Question 1

Retroperioneal

Answer 1

Behind the parietal peritoneum

Question 2

Erythropoiesis

Answer 2

The production of erythrocytes

Question 3

Renal blood flow rate

Answer 3

The rate at which the blood flows through the kidney (1 litre/per min)

Question 4

Filtrate

Answer 4

Blood plasma minus the proteins, filtered by the nephrons of the kidneys

Question 5

Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

Answer 5

The rate at which filtrate is produced in glomerular filtration

Question 6

Tubular maximum

Answer 6

The maximum rate of reabsorption by active transport through the nephron tubules

Question 7

Buffer system

Answer 7

A mixture of an acid and a base that resists changes in pH

Question 8

The four steps of Urine Formation

Answer 8

Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion
Water Absorption

Question 9

The 7 functions of the kidneys

Answer 9

Urine Formation
Control of the pH of the blood
Regulate blood pressure
Stimulate erythropoiesis
Activation of Vitamin D
Transport of urine
Storage and release of urine

Question 10

keeps the blood cells and proteins

Answer 10

Filtration

Question 11

taking ‘useful’ molecules back into the blood

Answer 11

Reabsorption

Question 12

removal of other chemicals in the blood into the nephron

Answer 12

Secretion

Question 13

blood reabsorbs any water it needs then leaves the rest

Answer 13

Water absorption

Question 14

What is GCP?

Answer 14

Glomerular Capillary Pressure

Question 15

What is GFR?

Answer 15

Glomerular Filtration Rate

Question 16

The names of the three buffer systems

Answer 16

Bicarbonate Buffer System
Phosphate Buffer System
Protein Buffer System

Question 17

Buffer systems are the least/most effective method of controlling blood pH

Answer 17

least effective method

Question 18

Bicarbonate Buffer Systems are found in

Answer 18

extracellular fluids

Question 19

the carbonic acid neutralizes bases that find their way into the extracellular fluids, while the bicarbonate ions neutralize the acids that are found in the extracellular fluids.

Answer 19

Biocarbonate Buffer System

Question 20

Phosphate Buffer Systems are found

Answer 20

inside cells and nephron tubules

Question 21

H2PO 4- is the weak acid that will neutralize base that is added to the system, and
HPO4-2 is the weak base that will neutralize any acid added to the system.

Answer 21

Phosphate Buffer System

Question 22

Protein Buffer Systems are found

Answer 22

inside cells and in the blood plasma

Question 23

an amino acid can be a Protein Buffer because

Answer 23

it is a molecule that has a weak base and a weak acid.

Question 24

True or False;

Kidneys can remove H+ from the body or retain it if necessary.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

True or False:

The interstitial fluid pH reflects the blood pH

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What other two systems does the Urinary System work with to regulate blood pressure and blood pH?

Answer 26

Respiratory System

Circulatory System

Question 27

Acidosis =

Answer 27

decreases nervous system activity, leading to coma and eventually death.

Question 28

Alkalosis=

Answer 28

over excitation of nerves, leading to convulsions and eventually death.

Question 29

Blood pH range

Answer 29

7.35-7.45

Question 30

How many buffer systems are there?

Answer 30

Three

Question 31

Kidneys increase in their secretion of H+

Answer 31

leads to increased blood pH, and decreases urine pH

Question 32

Kidneys decrease in their secretion of H+

Answer 32

leads to decreased blood pH, and increases urine pH

Question 33

increased ventilation

Answer 33

decreases carbon dioxide, and increases blood pH

Question 34

decreased ventilation

Answer 34

increases carbon dioxide, and decreases blood pH