Bio - Respiratory System Flashcards
The 4 functions of the respiratory system
Olfaction, Voice, Ventilation, and Respiration.
OVVR
Upper respiratory tract definition
The part of the respiratory system containing the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and pharynx.
Lower respiratory tract definition
The part of the respiratory system containing the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
External respiration definition
The process of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between the alveoli and the blood.
Internal respiration
The process of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between the cells and the blood.
Ventilation definition
The process of getting air into the lungs and back out
Pneumothorax definition
Air in the pleural cavity, which leads to a collapsed lung
Tidal Volume definition
The volume of air inspired or expired during normal, quiet breathing
Functional Residual Capacity definition
The volume of air left in the lungs after a normal expiration
Total Lung capacity definition
The maximum volume of air contained in the the lungs after a forceful inspiration
The 6 factors that increase the efficiency of external respiration
- thin respiratory membrane
- large surface area of the alveoli
- narrow capillaries
- large surface area of the erythrocytes
- controlled relationship between
ventilation and blood flow into the lungs - the large functional residual capacity of
the lungs
List the four stages of aerobic respiration
Glycolysis, Oxidation of pyruvate, Citric acid cycle, and Electron transport chain. (GOCE)
Glycolysis takes place in the
cytoplasm
Glycolysis produces
2 ATP
Oxidation of Pyruvate takes place in
matrix of mitochondrion
Oxidation of Pyruvate produces
2 C0²
Citric Acid Cycle takes place in
matrix of mitochondrion
Electron Transport Train takes place in
inner membrane of mitochondrion
Citric Acid Cycle produces
2 ATP and 4 C0²
Electron Transport Train produces
32 ATP and 6 H²O
(ABIBS) stands for
(A)veolar Fluid
(B)asement Membrane of the
alveolar epithelium
(I)nterstitial Space
(B)asement Membrane of the capillary endothelium.
(S)imple Squamous Endothelium of the capillary
Partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli in the lungs =
104mmHg
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli in the lungs =
40mmHg
Describe how the Heering-Breur reflex works
When you inspire deeply, you stretch bronchioles and as the receptors stretch, they start sending action potentials to the medulla oblongata. If the action potentials are frequent enough, they inhibit the dorsal respiratory group. Once the dorsal group is inhibited, inspiration stops and expiration begins. (This is an example of negative-feedback)
