Bio Unit 2.4 - Adaptations for Nutrition

Question 1

3 reasons why all organisms require nutrition?

Answer 1

1. Supply energy for all chemical reactions
2. Supply raw materials for growth, replacement and repair
3. Ensure micronutrients are provided for good health

Question 2

Autotrophic

Answer 2

automatically make their own foods by synthesis of complex organic chemicals from inorganic substances using an energy source

Question 3

Two types of autotrophic

Answer 3

Photoautotrophic and Chemoautotrophic

Question 4

Photoautotrophic

Answer 4

Using light energy to combine inorganic substances into complex organic chemicals

Question 5

Chemoautotrophic

Answer 5

Uses chemical energy to combine inorganic substances into complex organic chemicals

Question 6

Heterotrophic

Answer 6

Must digest organic chemicals produced by other organisms and use the products of digestion to synthesise their own organic chemicals

Question 7

Saprotrophic

Answer 7

Extracellular digestion of dead/decayed organic matter, enzymes are secreted by an organism which then digest organic chemicals of the substrate on which they live. Products absorbed by saprotroph

Question 8

Characteristics of parasites

Answer 8

Live/on another organism, obtain nourishment at the expense of the host, usually cause harm to the host

Question 9

Primary Host

Answer 9

where adult forms of the parasite develops

Question 10

Secondary Host

Answer 10

larval forms of parasite found

Question 11

Vectors

Answer 11

secondary hosts which directly transfer parasite from primary host to another

Question 12

Absorption

Answer 12

Passage of molecules/ions through gut wall into the capillaries

Question 13

Assimilation

Answer 13

The use of digested food molecules (e.g glucose in respiration.)

Question 14

Digestion

Answer 14

Elimination of undigested waste

Question 15

A single celled organism that ingests and digests its food?

Answer 15

Amoeba

Question 16

Holozoic nutrition in amoeba

Answer 16

Amoeba senses food, pseudopodia surrounds food, food enclosed in food vacuole, enzymes from the lysosomes secreted into food vacuole, food digested and soluble materials absorbed/assimilated, digestion

Question 17

Multi cellular holozoic animals

Answer 17

Digestive systems that carry out extracellular digestion within the organism. Products os digestion are absorbed and undigested food digested.