BIO Unit 2 AOS 2 Flashcards
PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE
Describes how genetic variants are transmitted through families. The five basic models are; autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked dominant, X-linked recessive, and mitochondrial.
CONTINUOUS VARIATION
The range of differences (shows unbroken range of phenotypes) that can be observed in many characteristics, such as height in a population.
HOMOZYGOUS
Having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes (AA).
HETEROZYGOUS
Having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes (Aa).
DOMINANT
Having power and influence over others (dominant trait or gene).
RECESSIVE
Relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes which are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents.
CODOMINANCE
A relationship between two versions of a gene.
INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE
Occurs in the heterozygote, in which the dominant allele does not dominate the recessive allele entirely.
TRAITS
A distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to an individual.
ALLELES
One of two or more versions of a gene
GENOTYPES
A set of alleles that determines the expression of a particular trait.
PHENOTYPES
he set of observable characteristics (appearance, development, behavior) of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
GENOME
The complete set of genetic information in an organism
PUNNETT SQUARES
A square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes, resulting from a cross
CHROMOSOMES
Bundles of tightly coiled DNA located within the nucleus of almost every cell in our body. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 in total), one is a sex chromosome and the rest are autosomes.
