bio test chapter 2

Question 1

The total number of individuals in a population

Answer 1

population size

Question 2

defined as the number of individual organisms in a given area or volume

Answer 2

population density

Question 3

n/a or n/v

Answer 3

equation for population density

Question 4

used for stationary organisms such as plants. are useful when the density of a species is low or when individual organisms are very large.

Answer 4

transect

Question 5

they are done by first choosing random locations at each site and a blank of known size is marked out. The number of individuals of a species within the blank is counted.

Answer 5

quadrat

Question 6

A meathod in which animals are captured, marked with a tag, collar, or band, released and than captured at a later time to determine an estimate of population size.

Answer 6

mark and recapture

Question 7

members of a population are found in close proximity to each other in various groups within their habitat.

Answer 7

clumped distribution

Question 8

found in artificial populations, such as plants growing in orchards or agricultural feilds in which individuals are evenly spaced over a defined area.

Answer 8

uniform distribution

Question 9

this can occur when resources are very abundant and population members do not have to compete with one another or group together for survival. individuals or parts of organisms are distributed throughout a suitable habitat with no identifiable pattern.

Answer 9

random distribution

Question 10

the movement of individuals into a population

Answer 10

immigration

Question 11

the movement of individuals out of a population

Answer 11

emigration

Question 12

the ratio of the number of births to the size of the population; birth rate

Answer 12

natality

Question 13

the state of being subject to death

Answer 13

mortality

Question 14

N=(B+I) - (D+E)

Answer 14

calculating population size

Question 15

the study of populations, especially population size, density, age structure, and growth.

Answer 15

demography

Question 16

s-shaped growth curve

Answer 16

logistic

Question 17

j-shaped growth curve

Answer 17

exponential

Question 18

in the beginning, the growth of population is slow, since there is only a few individuals to reproduce

Answer 18

lag phase

Question 19

when the birth rate is much higher than the death rate, so the population will increase rapidly

Answer 19

exponential phase

Question 20

when the birth rate and death rate are equivalent

Answer 20

equilibrium

Question 21

the teoretical maximum population size that the enviroment can sustain over an extended period of time

Answer 21

carrying capacity

Question 22

species that have a short life spand and an early reproductive age, they produce large broods of offspring that receive little or no parental care.

Answer 22

r-growth strategies

Question 23

they have few offspring per reproductive cycle and one or both parents care for the offspring when young. The offspring take relatively long to mature and reach reproductive age and they live a relatively long time

Answer 23

k-growth strategies