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biology (stimer) > bio test (9-10) > Flashcards

bio test (9-10) Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

all chemical processes of life

A

metabolism

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2
Q

energy content of food is measured

A

Calories

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3
Q

most important energy-producing compound in a cell

A

carbohydrate

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4
Q

make protein

A

amino acid

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5
Q

characterized by insolubility in water

A

lipids

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6
Q

energy carrier of the cell

A

ATP

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7
Q

organic micronutrients

A

vitamins

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8
Q

in-organic micronutrients

A

minerals

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9
Q

change of food molecules from complex to less complex

A

digestion

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10
Q

catalysts produced by living cells

A

enzymes

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11
Q

organs used for tearing, chewing, cutting, etc. food

A

teeth

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12
Q

chewing

A

mastication

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13
Q

throat

A

pharynx

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14
Q

most common disease in man

A

dental caries/ tooth decay/ cavities

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15
Q

rhythmic wave of muscular contractions of the esophagus and digestive tract

A

paristalis

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16
Q

flap that closes the trachea when swallowing

A

epiglottis

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17
Q

produces bile

A

liver

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18
Q

j-shaped organ structure

A

stomach

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19
Q

stores bile

A

gallbladder

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20
Q

leading organ in digestion and absorption

A

small intestine

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21
Q

does the most chemical digestion in the small intestine

A

duodenum

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22
Q

where most absorption occurs in the small intestine

A

jejunum

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23
Q

longest part of the smallintestine

A

ileum

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24
Q

tiny hair like projections in the small intestine

A

villi

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25
Q

movement of water, digested food, and other dissolved stuff into the bloodstream

A

absorption

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26
Q

tells the body to remove glucose

A

insulin

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27
Q

waste removed from the bloodstream by the kidneys

A

urea

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28
Q

types of food poisoning

A

typhoid fever, salmonellosis, botulism, and staphylococcus

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29
Q

expelling too much water from the body

A

diarrhea

30
Q

painful colon infection

A

dysentary

31
Q

one of the most common forms of cancer in American

A

colon cancer

32
Q

main component in the blood

A

plasma

33
Q

when blood pressure falls critically low because of too much blood loss

A

circulatory shock

34
Q

iron-containing blood protein that binds easily to oxygen. gives blood its red color.

A

hemoglobin

35
Q

condition when too little oxygen being transported to cells

A

anemia

36
Q

where red bone cells are made

A

red bone marrow

37
Q

where excess red blood cells are stored

A

spleen

38
Q

blood cells that are a part of the immune system

A

white blood cells

39
Q

seals off cuts or cracks in the skin

A

platelets

40
Q

inability of blood to clot

A

hemophilia

41
Q

universal donors

A

O negative blood

42
Q

universal recipients

A

AB positive blood

43
Q

most efficient pump

A

heart

44
Q

protects the heart. heart covering.

A

pericardium

45
Q

upper heart chambers (2)

A

atria

46
Q

lower heart chambers (2)

A

ventricles

47
Q

heart’s pacemaker

A

SA node

48
Q

contracting and pumping phase of the heart

A

systole

49
Q

relaxing and filling phase of the heart

A

diastole

50
Q

abnormal blowing sound produced by valve-damage

A

heart murmur

51
Q

transfers blood to the heart

A

veins

52
Q

transfers blood away from the heart

A

arteries

53
Q

carries oxygen in the blood

A

capillaries

54
Q

movement of blood through all the body except the lungs

A

systemic circulation

55
Q

largest artery

A

aorta

56
Q

circulation to the heart

A

coronary circulation

57
Q

circulation to the kidneys

A

renal circulation

58
Q

circulation between the heart and lungs

A

pulmonary circulation

59
Q

high blood pressure

A

hypertension

60
Q

rhythmic change in pressure that will correspond with heat

A

pulse

61
Q

disease from excess drinking

A

cirrhosis

62
Q

leading cause of death in Americans

A

cardiovascular disease (CVD)

63
Q

primary organs of the respiratory system

A

lungs

64
Q

windpipe

A

trachea

65
Q

thin-walled air sacs at the ends of the smallest bronchial tubes in the lungs

A

alveoli

66
Q

viral infection of the linings in the lungs that causes the lungs to secrete large quantities of fluid

A

pneumonia

67
Q

voice box

A

larynx

68
Q

maximum amount of air that you can inhale

A

vital capacity

69
Q

thick sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity

A

diaphragm

70
Q

normal amount of air inhaled and exhaled

A

tidal volume

71
Q

causes mucous to fill the lungs. hereditary.

A

cystic fibrosis

72
Q

can be prevented by not smoking

A

lung cancer

biology (stimer) (4 decks)

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