BIO TEST 3 - LECTURE 5 STUDY GUIDE

Question 1

Which is a description or function of intracellular receptors we discussed in class?

Answer 1

THEY CONTROL GENE EXPRESSION
ALTER YOUR DNA
ACT AS ENZYMES
SEND MESSAGES TO NUCLEUS

Question 2

______________________ are located in the plasma membrane and convert an extracellular signal to an intracellular one. Fill in the blank.

Answer 2

Cell Surface Receptors

Question 3

Which is a description or function of chemically gated ion channels we discussed in class?

Answer 3

-They can only be opened if a ligand is attached.
-Only specific ions can come in once the ligand is attached.

Question 4

Which is a description or function of enzymatic receptors we discussed in class?

Answer 4

SOME TYPE OF TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN THAT WHEN LIGAND ATTACHES TO IT STARTS TO WORK

Question 5

Which is a description or function of G-protein linked receptors we discussed in class

Answer 5

G-PROTEIN LINKED RECEPTORS-
INDIRECTLY TURNS SOMETHING ON
INDIRECTLY WORKING WITH THEM.
INDIRECTLY ACTIVATES ENZYMES, CARRIER, CHANNELS

Question 6

___________________ are small molecules or ions which can alter the behavior or particular proteins by binding them and changing their shape after an enzyme has been activated (via enzymatic receptors or G-proteins). Fill in the blank.

Answer 6

Second messengers

Question 7

cAMP is a type of second messenger. Which statement describes what is occurring at this step of its cycle (i.e. know what is occurring within this diagram)?

Answer 7

cAMP attaches to PKA (protein kinases) which then turns into response proteins then cellular response.

Question 8

Calcium (Ca) is a type of second messenger. What can result from calcium being used as a second messenger (i.e. what can occur within your body that we discussed in class?

Answer 8

skeletal muscular cells
endocrine signaling
brain

Question 9

Which statement accurately describes a protein kinase cascade?

Answer 9

• A CHAIN REACTION TO CREATE MORE ENZYME PRODUCTS
• ONLY NEED 1 SIGNAL AND 1 RECEPTOR TO START THE PROGRESS

Question 10

Mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinases are an important class of cytoplasmic kinases. What can they be used for within our bodies?

Answer 10

A CHEMICAL THAT STIMULATES CELL DIVISION BY ACTIVATING THE NORMAL PATHWAYS THAT CONTROL CELL DIVISION.