BIO TEST 3 - LECTURE 1 STUDY GUIDE Flashcards
The extracellular matrix of animal cells have an elaborate mixture of proteins and glycoproteins within the space surrounding the plasma membrane. Which statement does not describe a function of the extracellular matrix?
RESPONSIBLE FOR..
- SUPPORT, STRENGTH, AND RESILIENCE TO THE CELL
- GENE EXPRESSION AND CHEMICAL PATHWAYS
The extracellular matrix of animal cells have an elaborate mixture of proteins and glycoproteins within the space surrounding the plasma membrane. Which statement accurately describes one of these components of the extracellular matrix: (a) collagen, (b) elastin, (c) proteoglycans, (d) fibronectin, or (e) integrin?
(b) ELASTIN
- LONG THREADS OF GLYCOPROTEINS, MAINLY THERE FOR SUPPORT AND STRENGTH
_________________ have a 3-D shape that fit the shape of a specific signal molecule. Fill in the blank.
Receptor proteins
3-D
_________________ are a type of receptor proteins which can recognize “self” and “nonself” cells by the immune system. Fill in the blank.
MHC
RECEPTOR
What is the definition of a cell junction?
CELL JUNCTIONS -
- LONG LASTING PERMANENT CONNECTIONS BETWEEN CELLS
___________________ are a type of cell junction which is found in invertebrates and vertebrates and form a barrier that can seal off a sheet of cells. Fill in the blank.
Septate Junctions
INVERTEBRATES
Which statement does not accurately describes any information we discussed in class regarding tight junctions?
Tight junctions connect the plasma membrane of adjacent cells in a sheet, preventing small molecules from leaking between cells.
ARE NOT DIRECT PHYSICAL CONNECTION
Which statement accurately describes any information we discussed in class regarding anchoring junctions?
Anchoring junctions attach cytoskeleton of 1 cell to the cytoskeleton of other cells to the extracellular matrix.
_______________ are a type of anchoring junction that connect actin filaments of one cell with those of neighboring cells or with the extracellular matrix. Fill in the blank.
Adheren
ACTIN
_______________ are a type of anchoring junction that connect intermediate filaments of cytoskeletons of adjacent cells. Fill in the blank.
Desmosomes
INTERMEDIATE
_______________ are a type of anchoring junction that anchor epithelial cells to a basement membrane. Fill in the blank.
Hemidesmosomes
EPITHEL
What is the definition of a communicating junction? (the name basically tells you the answer)
COMMUNICATING JUNCTIONS -
- CELLS COMMUNICATE WITH ADJACENT CELLS THROUGH DIRECT CONNECTIONS
Gap junctions are a type of communicating junction. Which statement does not describe any information we discussed on gap junctions?
Gap junctions contain a central tubule that connect the nucleus of the two adjacent cells
Plasmodesmata are a type of communicating junction. Which statement does not describe any information we discussed on plasmodesmata?
Plasmodesmata is very sticky, so nothing is breaking through.
central tubule connects ER (endoplasmic reticula) and PM (plasma membrane)
Which statement does not describe the three main components of a phospholipid?
- Glycerol
- Fatty acid chain
- Phosphate group
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, what does it mean that a cell is semi-permeable?
The cell membrane is semi-permeable, meaning it lets some materials through but not others.
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, the fluid mosaic model is a way to describe a cell membrane. The word “fluid” implies movement, and this is true for the cell membrane. How?
Phospholipids can move around in the cell membrane. The fluidity can also give the cell membrane flexibility.
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, a phospholipid is amphiphilic. What does this mean?
The polar head of the phospholipid is hydrophilic meaning it loves water. The nonpolar tails are hydrophobic which means they hate water.
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, why is cholesterol in your cell membrane critical?
Can either increase or decrease membrane fluidity depending on if the temperature is too high or too low
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, proteins can also be found within a cell membrane. What are the names of the two types they mention in the video?
Integral proteins
- go through the membrane.
Peripheral proteins
- can sit on them.
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, what are integral proteins used within the cell membrane?
Provide transport for all sorts of materials due to their ability to go through the membrane
PROVIDES TRANSPORT
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, what are peripheral protein used for regarding the cell membrane?
They can act as enzymes and speed up reactions
ACT AS ENZYMES
According to the video Inside the Cell Membrane, what can glycoproteins and glycolipids be used within (or on the outside) or a cell membrane?
Glycolipids and glycoproteins can be used to identify the cell as belonging to the organism
THINK “CELL IDENTITY” ID
- GLYCO = CELL ID
