bio test (12-13)

Question 1

any condition that interferes with the
normal functioning of the body

Answer 1

disease

Question 2

any organism that causes disease

Answer 2

pathogen

Question 3

microbes that cause disease

Answer 3

germs

Question 4

diseases caused by invading pathogens

Answer 4

infectious diseases

Question 5

diseases caused by malfunctions of the immune
system

Answer 5

immunological diseases

Question 6

most common immunological diseases

Answer 6

allergies

Question 7

diseases developed in the womb and are present at birth

Answer 7

congenital diseases

Question 8

disease resulted from inherited characteristics

Answer 8

genetic diseases

Question 9

condition that results from the runaway growth of the body’s own cells. second leading cause of death in the U.S.

Answer 9

cancer

Question 10

cancer that can’t spread

Answer 10

benign

Question 11

cancer that can spread

Answer 11

malignant

Question 12

substance that is thought to be capable of causing cancer

Answer 12

carcinogen

Question 13

infectious disease in which the invading microbe can be transferred from person to person

Answer 13

communicable diseases

Question 14

disease caused by invading pathogens

Answer 14

infectious diseases

Question 15

group of unicellular prokaryotes, some of which are pathogens

Answer 15

bacteria

Question 16

small DNA circles that can be exchanged among bacteria and very often contain the genes that make bacteria resistant to antibiotics

Answer 16

plasmids

Question 17

three types of bacterial shapes

Answer 17

spirilla, cocci, bacilli

Question 18

method of reproduction where an organism splits into two new cells

Answer 18

binary fission

Question 19

developed the germ concept of disease. experiments showed that not even the simplest of organ­isms can develop from nonliving matter. broth and bacteria.

Answer 19

Louis Pasteur

Question 20

developed techniques used to study bacteria safely

Answer 20

Robert Koch

Question 21

pathogen that is a molecule of genetic material

Answer 21

virus

Question 22

consists of eukaryotes that have cell walls and do not conduct photosynthesis

Answer 22

fungus/fungi

Question 23

animal that transmits infection

Answer 23

vector

Question 24

displays no symptoms of a disease but can pass it on to infect others

Answer 24

carrier

Question 25

pathogen development where one has an infection but doesn’t show symptoms

Answer 25

incubation period

Question 26

an epidemic that affects most of the world

Answer 26

pandemic

Question 27

substance that stimulates the to develop an immunity to that disease

Answer 27

vaccine

Question 28

established the use of antiseptics

Answer 28

Joseph Lister

Question 29

chemical messenger that causes blood vessels to become more permeable

Answer 29

histamine

Question 30

chemical messenger produced by cells to limit the spread of a virus

Answer 30

interferon

Question 31

one of the most important weapons that your immune system uses to fight pathogens. Y-shaped protein molecules that act like molecular homing missiles.

Answer 31

antibodies

Question 32

tissue fluid after n it goes to the lymph nodes

Answer 32

lymph

Question 33

accumulations of lymph nodes in the throat that protect that entrance to the body

Answer 33

tonsils & adenoids

Question 34

largest lymphatic organ

Answer 34

spleen

Question 35

enzymes that kill bacteria by destroying their cell walls

Answer 35

lysozyme

Question 36

developed through an immune response to a pathogen. caused by being infected with the pathogen or by receiving a vaccine for the pathogen.

Answer 36

active acquired immunity

Question 37

results from factors other than the presence of antibodies and memory cells

Answer 37

innate immunity

Question 38

caused by HIV. acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Answer 38

aids

Question 39

book to guide humans and give them a worldview

Answer 39

Bible

Question 40

best way to prevent diseases

Answer 40

prevention

Question 41

most famous early hebrew naturalist

Answer 41

Solomon

Question 42

borrowed wisdom from the ancient world a built upon it

Answer 42

Greeks

Question 43

idea that living things can come from nonliving things

Answer 43

spontaneous generation

Question 44

teaching that all living things come from a common ancestor

Answer 44

evolution

Question 45

early greek naturalist who advocated an explanation of the origin of life

Answer 45

Anaximander

Question 46

came up with the doctrine of ideas

Answer 46

Plato

Question 47

came up with the doctrine of intellect

Answer 47

Aristotle

Question 48

were the main spread of knowledge

Answer 48

Romans

Question 49

became the absolute authority of human anatomy for over a thousand years

Answer 49

Galen

Question 50

preserved knowledge and established schools based on greek learning

Answer 50

Nestorians

Question 51

father of anatomy. wrote Fabrica.

Answer 51

Andreas Vesalius

Question 52

idea that the universes consists of nothing but energy and matter and has no spiritual and supernatural aspects

Answer 52

materialism

Question 53

first to devote an entire book exclusively to microscopic observations

Answer 53

Robert Hooke

Question 54

first person to devote life to the study of the microscope

Answer 54

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 55

tentative solutions to a scientific problem

Answer 55

hypothesis

Question 56

the one factor in a control group that is being tested

Answer 56

independent variable

Question 57

any factor observed or measured to determine an experiment’s results

Answer 57

dependent variable

Question 58

experiments in which all factors are identical except the one being tested

Answer 58

control experiment

Question 59

why something happens.hypothesis that has passed the test of many well-designed experiments and has the support of other scientists .

Answer 59

theory

Question 60

what is going to happen. when a theory stands the test of time and is verified by experiment after experiment.

Answer 60

scientific law

Question 61

one of the first scientists to present evidence against spontaneous generation. meat and maggots experiment.

Answer 61

Francesco Redi

Question 62

living things can only come from other living things

Answer 62

law of biogenesis

Question 63

idea that science can find all the answers to life's problems

Answer 63

scientism

Question 64

group of bacteria that were not treated

Answer 64

control group

Question 65

group of bacteria that received the chemical

Answer 65

experimental group