Bio Quiz 2

Question 0

What five things are included in a cell membrane?

Answer 0

Proteins (channel and carrier)
Phospholipids
Phospholipid bilayer
Carbohydrates 
Cholesterol

Question 1

What makes a cell membrane an open structure?

Answer 1

The flow of matter and energy between a cell and it’s environment makes it an open system

Question 2

What are proteins?

Answer 2

Can be integral or peripheral

Move substances across the membrane and carry out chemical reactions

Question 3

What are phospholipids?

Answer 3

Primary compound of the membrane
Each has a head and tail
Hydrophilic head - water loving
Hydrophobic tail -water fearing ( found in the middle of the membrane)

Question 4

What is the phospholipid bilayer?

Answer 4

Made up of hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails to form a membrane wall

Question 5

What are carbohydrates?

Answer 5

Important for cell to cell communication?

Question 6

What is cholesterol?

Answer 6

Helps to make the plasma membrane slightly more rigid in the area they imbed.
Also a function in cell communication

Question 7

Explain the fluid mosaic model

Answer 7

Fluid : the membrane can flow but isn’t too rigid

Mosaic : the cell membrane is made of many different parts

Question 8

What is a selective filter?

Answer 8

It regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Semipermeable - particles are let in and out bases on size, shape and electrical charge

Question 9

What is Brownian motion?

Answer 9

According to the particle model of matter, all particle are in constant random motion

Question 10

What are concentration gradients?

Answer 10

Particles will naturally moves from a high concentration area to a low concentration area.

Question 11

What is equilibrium?

Answer 11

Occurs when particles are evenly distributed

Question 12

What are the three kinds of passive transport?

Answer 12

Diffusion.
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion

Question 13

What is diffusion?

Answer 13

Uses the movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration until equilibrium is reached

Question 14

What is osmosis?

Answer 14

Uses the movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration until equilibrium is reached but only for water

Question 15

What is hypertonic?

Answer 15

A solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than inside the cell. Corn syrup/ egg experiment

Question 16

What is hypotonic?

Answer 16

A solution the has a lower concentration of solutes then inside a cell.
Water /egg experiments

Question 17

What is isotonic?

Answer 17

A solution with the same concentration inside and outside the cell.

Question 18

What is facilitated diffusion?

Answer 18

Uses the concentration gradient BUT with the help of a protein facilitator.

Question 19

What do channel proteins do?

Answer 19

Create pores through which small molecules may move

Facilitated diffusion

Question 20

What do carrier proteins do?

Answer 20

Attach to larger molecules, change shape and physically move the molecule across the membrane

Question 21

What is active transport?

Answer 21

The transported of molecules and nutrients into the cell using ATP energy created by the mitochondria.

Question 22

What is endocytosis?

Answer 22

Uptake of particles by the formation of vesicles. The cell membrane encloses material and the pinches off to form a vesicle.
Phagocytosis - taking in large particles
Pinocytosis - taking in droplets of fluid
Receptor mediated endocytosis

Question 23

What is exocytosis?

Answer 23

The excretion of molecules from a vesicle that bonds within the cell to the cell membrane to exit the cell.