Bio P3 Flashcards
Why is having no waxy cuticle an advantage for pondweed (and other aquatic plants)?
- Water loss is not a problem
- Wax production wastes energy
How do receptors act as tranducers?
They convert one form of energy to another (Chemical –> Electrical)
What is key for animals to survive without Oxygen?
GLYCOLYSIS must be able to continue (Anaerobic respiration)
Examples of using MO in food production
- Yeast –> Making alcohol
- Yeast –> Making bread
- Fusarium venanatum –> Quorn (Mycoprotein)
- Lactobacilus –> Cheese/ yoghurt
What is natural, passive immunity?
Antibodies provided via the breast milk or placenta- baby becomes immune to same diseases as mother
What is natural, active immunity?
Immunity provided by the body’s production of antibodies and memory cells due to infection
What is passive, artificial immunity?
An injection of antibodies made by another individual (e.g. tetanus vaccine)
What is active, artificial immunity?
Body responds to a weakened/ dead pathogen introduced by vaccination
(e.g. TB, influenza)
Process of natural selection
- Genetic variation - due to mutation (RANDOM)
- Random sexual selection- large amounts of offspring
- Change in selection pressure
- Those that have mutation are more likely to survive, and pass on allele
- Over time, allele frequency increases
Things to remember when designing an experiment
- Dependent variable
- Independent variable
- Control variables + Control
- Statistical test and repeats
DICS
