Bio molecules water Flashcards
what is a monomer
small molecule, forms polymer when bonded together
what unique characteristics does hydro bonding give
1.liquid
2.denisty
3.solvent
4.cohesion + surface tension
5.High specific heat capacity
6.High latent heat of vaporisation
7.Reactant
what is hydrogen bonding
partial positive hydrogen attracts partial negative oxygen
how do hydro bonds affect liquid water
Water molecules are always moving so hydro bonds constantly break/reform meaning more energy required to make water a gas
what is a polymer
large molecule, many repeating smaller units, covalently bonded
what is the role of liquid in water
habitat for living things
major tissue component
effective transport medium
how does hydro bonds affect density
water more dense as it gets colder until 4C.
then from 4C to freezing point hydro bonds fix polar molecules apart making less dense structure than water
(giant,open lattice structure)
what is the role of density in water
stable environment underwater
insulated from extreme cold
how does hydro bonds affect solvent
water is polar so is attracted to other polar substances so is a good solvent
role of water as a solvent
-Molecules/ions can be transported around living things
-many reactions in cell cytoplasm
what is cohesion
hydro bonds between molecules makes them stick together
what is surface tension
cohesion between water molecules produces surface tension as bonds pull molecules inwards at surface
What is adhesion
Water attracted to surfaces like narrow tubes
What is high specific heat capacity
-Hydro bonds absorb lots of energy to break so water doesn’t rapidly change temp.
-must absorb/lose lots of heat before temp loss
What is latent heat of vaporisation
When water evaporate this helps molecules break away and became a gas
Why does water have a high latent heat of vaporisation
hydro bonds must absorb large heat before becoming gas
water as a reactant
used in many reactions like for photosynthesis, hydrolysis
cohesion role
water can be pulled up xylem (capillary action)
surface tension role
pond skaters use it to walk on water
high specific heat capacity role
keeps environment stable for eukaryotes, prokaryotes, enzymes and other organisms
high latent heat of vaporisation role
mammals cooled by sweat evaporation
plant cool when water evaporate from mesophyll cells
