Bio Lab Final Exam- Lab 7 (muscles)

Question 1

Group, Origin, insertion, function of frontalis

Answer 1

facial muscles, cranial aponeurosis, skin of eyebrow, raise eye brows

Question 2

Group, Origin, insertion, function of orbicularis

Answer 2

facial muscles, muscles surrounding mouth, skin of muscles around mouth, closes lips

Question 3

Group, Origin, insertion, function of zygomatic major

Answer 3

facial muscles, zygomatic bone, skin and muscle at upper corner of lips, smile

Question 4

Group, Origin, insertion, function of masseter

Answer 4

mastication, maxilla and temporal bone, mandible, close mouth

Question 5

Group, Origin, insertion, function of temporalis

Answer 5

mastication, temporal bone, mandible, close mouth

Question 6

Group, Origin, insertion, function of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 6

anterior neck, sternum and clavicle, temporal bone, flex/rotate

Question 7

Group, Origin, insertion, function of external intercostal

Answer 7

thorax, superior rib, inferior rib, inhalation

Question 7

Group, Origin, insertion, function of internal intercostals

Answer 7

thorax, inferior rib, superior rib, exhalation

Question 8

Group, Origin, insertion, function of diaphragm

Answer 8

thorax, xiphoid/costal cartilage/lumbar vertebrae, central tendon, inhalation

Question 9

Group, Origin, insertion, function of rectus abdominis

Answer 9

abdominal muscles, pubis, 5-7 ribs cartilage/xiphoid, urination/childbirth

Question 10

Group, Origin, insertion, function of external oblique

Answer 10

abdominal muscles, lower 8 ribs, lilac crest, flex/rotate vertebral

Question 11

Group, Origin, insertion, function of trapezius

Answer 11

shoulder, occipital/ thoracic vert, clavicle/scapula, extend/rotate neck

Question 12

Group, Origin, insertion, function of latissimus dorsi

Answer 12

shoulder, spine of lower thoracic vert/lumbar vert, humerus, adducts/extends

Question 12

Group, Origin, insertion, function of pectoralis major

Answer 12

shoulder, clavicle/sternum/2-6 cart ribs, humerus, adducts/flex shoulder

Question 13

Group, Origin, insertion, function of deltoid

Answer 13

shoulder, clavicle/scapula, humerus, abduct/med+lat rotate/flexes/extends

Question 14

Group, Origin, insertion, function of biceps brachii

Answer 14

anterior upper arm, scapula, radius, extends should/elbow

Question 15

Group, Origin, insertion, function of brachialis

Answer 15

anterior upper arm, humerus, ulna, flex elbow

Question 16

Group, Origin, insertion, function of brachioradialis

Answer 16

anterior upper arm, lower humerus, radius, flex elbow “beer drinking muscle”

Question 17

Group, Origin, insertion, function of triceps brachii

Answer 17

posterior upper arm, scapula and posterior humerus, olecranon process of ulna, extends elbow

Question 18

Group, Origin, insertion, function of gluteus maximus

Answer 18

gluteal, posterior sacrum and ilium, femur and iliotibial band, extends/ lateral rotates hips

Question 19

Group, Origin, insertion, function of gluteus medius

Answer 19

gluteal, illium, greater trochanter of femur, abducts and med rotate hip “keeps pelvis in place when walking”

Question 20

Group, Origin, insertion, function of gluteus minimus

Answer 20

gluteal (smallest cant find) ilium, great troch of femur, abducts/med rotate hip

Question 21

Group, Origin, insertion, function of quadriceps femoris. how many part? which below to which origin?

Answer 21

thigh, rectus femoris (ilium) vastus lateralis/intermedius/medialis (femur), tibia via patella, extends knee/flex hip

Question 22

Group, Origin, insertion, function of sartorius

Answer 22

thigh, ilium, tibia, flex knee/ lat rotates

Question 23

Group, Origin, insertion, function of hamstring group. How many parts?

Answer 23

thigh, biceps femoris/semitendinosus/semimembranosus, ischium/femur, tibia/fibula, extend hip/flex hip

Question 24

Group, Origin, insertion, function of tibialis anterior

Answer 24

leg, anterior tibia, medial cuneiform/1st metatarsal, ankle dorsiflexion and foot inversion

Question 25

Group, Origin, insertion, function of fibularis longus

Answer 25

leg, lateral fibula, 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform, plantar flexion of foot

Question 26

Group, Origin, insertion, function of gastrocnemius

Answer 26

leg, femur, calcaneus, ankle/plantar flexion/ knee flexion

Question 27

Group, Origin, insertion, function of soleus

Answer 27

leg, posterior tibia/fibula, calcaneus, ankle plantar flexion

Question 28

Tendons

Answer 28

connective tissue joining muscle to bone

Question 29

ligaments

Answer 29

connective tissues joining bone to bone

Question 30

orgin

Answer 30

stationary or less movable bone of muscle attachment

Question 31

insertion

Answer 31

moveable bone of muscle attachment, towards the origin when contracting and away when relaxing

Question 32

action

Answer 32

when muscle crosses joint

Question 33

muscle belly

Answer 33

collection of muscle fibres

Question 34

agonist and antagonist

Answer 34

contracts to cause an action, opposes action (lengthen) to allow agonist to contract, (often opposite sides of joint), labelling depends on motion

Question 35

example of agonist and antagonist

Answer 35

bicep acts as agonist in elbow flex and tri is an

triceps acts as ag in elbow extension and bicep is an

Question 36

synergist

Answer 36

muscle performing the same action ex biceps and brachialis both flex elbow

Question 37

muscle contractions

Answer 37

isotonic: concentric (muscle shortens) eccentric (muscle lengthens)

isometric: muscle length does not change

Question 38

directions of muscles

Answer 38

rectus- straight up and down
transversus- horizontal
oblique- angle

Question 39

sizes of muscles

Answer 39

-maximus largest
-minimus smallest
brevis- short
longus- long

Question 40

location of muscles

Answer 40

named from underlying bone

Question 41

muscle orgins

Answer 41

biceps- two
triceps- three
quadriceps- four

Question 42

action of muscles

Answer 42

adductor
extends