Bio Lab Exam 3

Question 1

1

Answer 1

1) FALSE

The active site is part of the enzyme
structure.

Question 2

2

Answer 2

2) FALSE

Question 3

3

Answer 3

3) FALSE

Rf = distance that the pigment moved
divided by the distance from pigment origin
to the solvent front.

Question 4

4

Answer 4

4) FALSE

Question 5

5

Answer 5

5) TRUE

Question 6

6

Answer 6

6) TRUE

Question 7

7

Answer 7

7) TRUE

Question 8

8

Answer 8

8) [A, B, C, D]

Altering any of these variables may make an
enzyme function less than optimally.

Question 9

9

Answer 9

9) [B, D, F, H]

In Procedure 11.1, enzyme activity at 4°C,
22°C, 40°C, and 80°C will be assessed.

Question 10

10

Answer 10

10) [B, C]

is released when pyruvate is oxidized,
and it is released during oxidations that
occur in the Citric Acid Cycle.

Question 11

11

Answer 11

11) [A, C, E, F]

Anaerobic respiration occurs in the
cytoplasm. Carbon dioxide is produced, and
the end product may be lactate or ethanol.

Question 12

12

Answer 12

12) [A, D]

Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are primary
photosynthetic pigments, while carotene and
xanthophyll are accessory pigments.

Question 13

13

Answer 13

13) [A, C]

Fluorescence occurs when an electron that
has temporarily moved to an outer, higher-
energy orbital falls back toward the atomic
nucleus. When this occurs, the electron
releases its energy as a photon.

Question 14

14

Answer 14

14) [A, C]

Because the pigments in the magic marker
separated, this was an unintentional
chromatography experiment. The ink must
have been water soluble for it to travel with
the water.

Question 15

15

Answer 15

15) [A, B, C]

Mitosis increases when an organism is
growing, when wound repair is necessary,
and unfortunately as cancer progresses.

Question 16

16

Answer 16

16) [A, B, C]

Mitosis occurs in body cells.

Question 17

17

Answer 17

17) [A, B, C]

It is a tumor suppressor gene, so it inhibits
the reproduction of abnormal cells, and
subsequently inhibits tumors and cancer.

Question 18

18

Answer 18

18) B

Question 19

19

Answer 19

19) B

Recall that enzymes are an important class
of protein. As such, the building blocks for
enzymes are amino acids.

Question 20

20

Answer 20

20) C

Enzymes speed up reactions by decreasing
the energy expenditure necessary for the
reaction to occur.

Question 21

21

Answer 21

21) B

Enzymes speed up the rate of reaction.

Question 22

22

Answer 22

22) B

Catechol is oxidized and converted to
benzoquinone when plant tissue is injured.

Question 23

23

Answer 23

23) B

Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site
of an enzyme, while noncompetitive
inhibitors bind to the enzyme at a location
other than the active site.

Question 24

24

Answer 24

24) D

As the reaction rate increases, eventually all
available substrate molecules will be bound
to enzymes, or all available enzymes will be
bound to substrate. The reaction will be
substrate-limited or enzyme-limited. When
all available molecules of either enzyme or
substrate are bound, saturation occurs, and at
this point the reaction rate will level off. To
keep increasing the reaction rate, the levels
of available substrate or enzyme must
increase. In the above example, additional
enzyme was added, so substrate must have
been the limiting factor.

Question 25

25

Answer 25

25) A

Question 26

26

Answer 26

26) B

Question 27

27

Answer 27

27) A

Question 28

28

Answer 28

28) B

Question 29

29

Answer 29

29) C

Question 30

30

Answer 30

30) E

Question 31

31

Answer 31

31) A

Question 32

32

Answer 32

32) D

NADH is an energy carrier in redox
reactions. It transfers electrons to power
proton pumps, which play a role in the chemiosmotic generation of ATP.

Question 33

33

Answer 33

33) C

One summary equation only gives you the
initial reagents and the final products.

Question 34

34

Answer 34

34) B

Fermentation may produce lactic acid,
which would lower the pH and prevent
microbial growth.

Question 35

35

Answer 35

35) D

Yeast is a living thing that is unable to
survive the temperature of boiling water.
Since yeast carries out fermentation, if the
yeast died, the reaction would not occur.

Question 36

36

Answer 36

36) A

Since the yeast quickly settle to the bottom
of a suspension, if the yeast suspension is
not swirled each time it is used, mainly
water would be poured from the suspension.

Question 37

37

Answer 37

37) A

Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of cellular
respiration. Carbon dioxide combines with
water to produce carbonic acid, which
causes phenolphthalein to turn colorless.

Question 38

38

Answer 38

38) A

Oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor in
the electron transport chain.

Question 39

39

Answer 39

39) B

Question 40

40

Answer 40

40) A

Question 41

41

Answer 41

41) D

Question 42

42

Answer 42

42) A

Question 43

43

Answer 43

43) A

Question 44

44

Answer 44

44) C

Question 45

45

Answer 45

45) C

A summary equation does not show all of
the individual substrates, enzymes, and
products that are found in the reactions of
photosynthesis.

Question 46

46

Answer 46

46) C

Chlorophyll absorbs wavelengths of light
that are used in photosynthesis. Wavelengths
that are not used are reflected.

Question 47

47

Answer 47

47) D

Chlorophyll is the primary photosynthetic
pigment, as the energy it absorbed is directly
used for photosynthesis. Xanthophyll,
carotene, and phycobilin are accessory
pigments.

Question 48

48

Answer 48

48) D

Accessory pigments absorb a wider range of
wavelengths of light compared to
chlorophyll. Additionally, accessory
pigments transfer their absorbed energy to
chlorophyll.

Question 49

49

Answer 49

49) D

When chlorophyll production stops as leaves
die in fall, underlying accessory pigments
are visible for a brief period of time as the
trees shed their leaves.

Question 50

50

Answer 50

50) B

Chromatography is the process of separating
the components of a sample.

Question 51

51

Answer 51

51) C

DCPIP is a dye that indicates electron
transfer. When oxidized, DCPIP is a
different color than when it is reduced.

Question 52

52

Answer 52

52) A

When oxidized, DCPIP is blue.

Question 53

53

Answer 53

53) B

When reduced, DCPIP is colorless.

Question 54

54

Answer 54

54) C

Carbon dioxide is a necessary ingredient for
photosynthesis.

Question 55

55

Answer 55

55) C

As is removed from solution, pH
rises. The increased pH gives red coloration
to phenol red.

Question 56

56

Answer 56

56) D

Photosynthesis produces glucose, which is a
monomer. Glucose, as a monomer, can be
assembled into different polymers, one of
which is starch.

Question 57

57

Answer 57

57) D

Without pigmentation in the form of
chlorophyll, the plant would be unable to
carry out photosynthesis and would be
unable to survive.

Question 58

58

Answer 58

58) A

As long as the light reactions occur, ATP
and NADPH would be produced, water
would be required, and oxygen would be
released. If the dark reactions did not occur,
carbon dioxide would not be fixed into
glucose.

Question 59

59

Answer 59

59) C

Question 60

60

Answer 60

60) A

Question 61

61

Answer 61

61) B

Question 62

62

Answer 62

62) A

Question 63

63

Answer 63

63) D

Normal cells spend 90-95% of their time in
interphase. Mitosis normally accounts for 5-
10% of the cell cycle.

Question 64

64

Answer 64

64) A

Question 65

65

Answer 65

65) B

S phase is the synthesis phase for
chromosomes—they are replicated at this
time.

Question 66

66

Answer 66

66) D

These are classic examples of mitosis for all
of these reasons.

Question 67

67

Answer 67

67) D

The cell wall of a plant cell prevents a
cleavage furrow from forming.

Question 68

68

Answer 68

68) B

Centrosomes are present in plant cells, but
not centrioles.

Question 69

69

Answer 69

69) B

Cancer is partially the result of a loss of
control of the cell cycle, where abnormal
cells replicate at abnormally high rates.

Question 70

70

Answer 70

70) A

Question 71

71

Answer 71

71) A

Question 72

72

Answer 72

72) protein

Although nonprotein enzymes exist, most
are protein-based.

Question 73

73

Answer 73

73) ase

The suffix -ase is a reference to an enzyme.

Question 74

74

Answer 74

74) energy of activation

Energy of activation is the energy
requirement that a reaction must overcome
to change substrate into product.

Question 75

75

Answer 75

75) denatured

Denaturation refers to the irreversible
destruction of the enzyme structure.

Question 76

76

Answer 76

76) hydroxylamine

Hydroxylamine will be used as an inhibitor
in this laboratory.

Question 77

77

Answer 77

77) Glucose

Glycolysis is the common starting point for
aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Question 78

78

Answer 78

78) ATP

Various forms of chemical energy are
converted into ATP.

Question 79

79

Answer 79

79) Golgi

The Golgi body produces vesicles that
contain components of the cell plate