Bio Lab Exam 1 Flashcards
1
FALSE
Anyone can use the scientific method. Using
this method just requires a curious,
observant person who uses a logical
problem-solving approach.
2
2) TRUE
Since the range is the difference between the
highest and lowest measurement, it will be
directly based on extreme values of data.
Standard deviation incorporates all of the
experimental measurements, so the standard
deviation is less affected by an extreme data
point.
3
3) FALSE
Median is simply a middle number. The
mean, also known as the average of a data
set, may be very different from this middle
number.
4
4) FALSE
Always start with scanning magnification. If
a specimen cannot be focused at this power,
increasing magnification will not help.
5
5) FALSE
Resolution is the ability to see detail.
Magnification only makes an image larger.
6
6) FALSE
Calibration must occur for each objective
lens, but not for each measurement.
7
7) [A, B]
Theories are synthesized as the result of
multiple experiments over time that suggests
the same result.
8
8) [A, C]
A significant difference refers to a
difference between a control group and an
experimental group that is not the result of
natural variation. Numerically this means
that the means of each sample plus or minus
half the standard deviation do not overlap.
9
9) [A, B, D]
Hypotheses should be falsifiable, which
indicates that a hypothesis may not be
supported by experimental data. A
hypothesis may also be supported by
experimental data, but it is never correct to
say that a hypothesis has been proved true.
Hypotheses can be predictive about the
nature of the effect of a variable.
10
10) [C, D, E]
Scientists are often people who retain the
curiosity that they had as children. They
observe the natural world and ask questions
about what they observe, and conduct
experiments to answer their questions. The
experiments and process should be unbiased
and orderly, and the results should be
repeatable. Science cannot be considered a
single entity, because there are many
disciplines within the realm of science.
11
11) [B, C]
12
12) [B]
13
13) [B, C, D]
The dissecting scope is used for specimens
that are thick, opaque, or that will be
dissected. The dissecting microscope allows
a working distance that is greater than one
centimeter.
14
14) C
A hypothesis accounts for one observation,
while a theory is constructed from multiple
observations.
15
15) B
The range is represented by the difference
between the smallest measurement and the
largest measurement.
16
16) C
The scientific method relies on data that can
be measured objectively and analyzed
statistically. A question that cannot be
answered in an objective manner, such as
one that is a matter of opinion, cannot be
answered using the scientific method.
17
17) C
A null hypothesis states that the variable
under examination does not cause a
difference in what is being measured in the
control and experimental groups. In this
experiment, the effect of different diets on
tadpole size is being measured. A null
hypothesis would state that different diets do
not impact tadpole size.
18
18) D
Each of these statements links a specific
variable to tadpole size.
19
19) A
20
20) A
Since the student did come close to the true
value, but the measurement was not
repeatable, the student was accurate but not
precise.
21
21) A
Since density equals mass divided by
volume, the density of the water in this
question is 99.5 g/100 ml, which is 0.995.
22
22) A
Scientists look for sources of variation in
experimental data, so the causes and effects
of processes observed in living things can be
identified.
23
23) A
To convert 25 microliters into liters:
multiply 25 microliters by the conversion
factor ( )
which equals
multiply liters by the
conversion factor (
) which equals
24
24) C
Since his arrows hit the same spot or nearly
so, he was precise. Since the spot was not
the bull’s eye he was aiming for, he was not
accurate.
25
25) D
Tadpoles could be measured by volume
displacement.
26
26) D
Millimeters, shown in the tenth place, are
typically the smallest definite gradation on a
metric ruler
27
27) D
The range is the difference between the
smallest and largest measurements. For this
data set, range = 5.35-0.79
28
C
Mean, or average is calculated by adding the
individual measurements and dividing by
the total number of measurements.
29
29) D
Reading the meniscus other than at eye level
leads to inaccurate measurement.
30
30) D
There are 100 centimeters per meter, so 4.5
meters = 450 centimeters.
31
31) D
The area is calculated by multiplying
two linear measurements. The units of area
are units of length squared.
32
32) A
33
33) A
34
34) D
35
35) B
36
36) C
37
37) C
Total magnification = ocular magnification
x objective magnification.
38
38) D
Coarse magnification is helpful in bringing a
specimen into focus; the fine focus is used to
sharpen up that focus.
39
39) C
Coarse magnification is helpful in bringing a
specimen into focus; the fine focus is used to
sharpen up that focus.
40
40) B
Parfocal means the specimen will stay
focused when objective lenses are rotated.
Parcentered refers to the specimen
remaining in the center of the field of view
when the objectives are rotated.
41
41) C
Air bubbles are round and have uniform
edges.
42
42) A
Dissecting microscopes typically magnify
things from 4X to 50X.
43
43) A
A light microscope has a light source under
the stage. A dissecting microscope has a
light source that is above the stage.
44
44) B
All cells have DNA, ribosomes, a cell
membrane, and cytoplasm at some stage in
their life cycle.
45
45) C
46
46) B
47
47) B
48
48) null
Null is generally defined as something that
has no effect. A null hypothesis states that
the variable that is being tested is not
something that differs between the control
and experimental groups.
49
49) staining
Staining adds contrast to a specimen so
details can be better visualized.
50
50) Lens paper
Other materials can scratch the lenses.
