Bio Final Exam

Question 1

How could a cancerous cell evade apoptosis?

Answer 1

The cell has a mutation
in a checkpoint protein

Question 2

A woman is homozygous for the CF-associated gene (the alleles are represented here
by the letters A and a). Assuming that meiosis occurs normally, which of the following
represent eggs that she can produce?
A. A
B. a
C. Aa
D. A or a

Answer 2

a

Question 3

In drawings of chromosomes, the “X” shape
indicates that
A. The cell has gone
through the S phase
B. There are two sister
chromatids
C. The cell is ready for
division
D. All of the above

Answer 3

All of the above

Question 4

Why do diseases involving widespread
infection often result in a fever?

Answer 4

The brain’s temperature control
center responds to inflammation by
creating a hot environment
unfavorable to the growth of
microorganisms

Question 5

Which of the following is one of the main
features of the adaptive immune function?

Answer 5

Antibodies

Question 6

Viruses use receptors to

Answer 6

Bind to the host cell
for attachment and
entry

Question 7

Unsaturated fats
A. Contain at least one
double bond
B. Are liquid at room
temperature
C. Are found in higher
amounts in plant
products
D. All of the above

Answer 7

All of the above

Question 8

If a gene is expressed or turned ”on”, what is
being produced?

Answer 8

Protein

Question 9

A karyotype (a chromosome display) would be
unable to determine
A. Polyploidy
B. Down syndrome
C. Sex
D. Eye color

Answer 9

Eye color

Question 10

Among the virulence factors produced by Staphylococcus aureus. Which of these factors contribute(s) to the ability of S.
aureus to evade the immune system?

A. capsule
B. Coagulase and
kinase
C. Antiphagocytic
factors
D. All of the above

Answer 10

All of the above

Question 11

Metastasis is

Answer 11

Spread of cancer
from one location to
another

Question 12

A tick that carries bacteria or pathogens in its
gut or salivary glands is a

Answer 12

Biological vector

Question 13

Within a given water molecule, the oxygen atom attracts the electrons
more strongly than the hydrogen atoms do. This results in
A. The shared electrons
spending more time orbiting
the oxygen nucleus than they
do orbiting the hydrogen
nuclei
B. The oxygen atom having a
partial negative charge while
the hydrogen atoms have a
partial positive charge
C. Water molecules being polar
and cohesive through
hydrogen bond formation
D. All of the above

Answer 13

All of the above

Question 14

A virus that spreads via respiratory droplets

Answer 14

is transmitted by a
form of contact
transmission

Question 15

Of the following, what is the last step in the
scientific process?

Answer 15

Drawing a conclusion

Question 16

Flu virus H2N2 is named as such because

Answer 16

The specific type of HA
and NA receptors it has on its surface

Question 17

What observation did Alexander Fleming make
that lead to the discovery of penicillin?

Answer 17

There was a zone of
dead bacteria near the
mold colony growing on
his petri dish

Question 18

When a B or T cell is primed by an interaction
with its particular antigen, the cell

Answer 18

Grows, divides, and
creates a large group of
cells and some of those
become memory cells

Question 19

If researchers created a strain of bacteria that
cannot attach to its host, it would

Answer 19

Reduce the ability of the
bacteria to cause
infection

Question 20

What class of genes inhibits or pauses the cell cycle
and plays a role in DNA repair and apoptosis?

Answer 20

Tumor suppressors

Question 21

To extract or transform energy from our food,
cells break or digest

Answer 21

The bonds of
biological molecules

Question 22

People with Cystic Fibrosis
A. Have a faulty chloride
channel that doesn’t
pump chloride ions
properly
B. Have a very thick mucus
in their lungs that makes
them susceptible to
chronic infections
C. Have two copies of a
recessive allele that codes
for a mutated chloride
channel
D. All of the above

Answer 22

All of the above

Question 23

Enzymes catalyze and speed up chemical
reactions by

Answer 23

Binding the substrate in an
active site and stressing and
straining bonds that need to
be broken or by lining up
atoms that need bonds made
between them

Question 24

What type of mutation would have the least
effect on protein shape and function?

Answer 24

Silent

Question 25

A patient comes into the hospital for a routine surgery. However, a day after surgery,
the patient develops a very high fever from a bacterial infection. This person has
contracted a(n)

Answer 25

Nosocomial or
hospital-borne
infection

Question 26

BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins

Answer 26

Promote DNA repair

Question 27

Which of the following describe(s) histamine?
A. A signaling molecule
released during an
allergic reaction
B. A molecule that
induces inflammation
C. A molecule that can
be released by
damaged tissue
during an infection or
injury
D. All of the above

Answer 27

All of the above

Question 28

Phagocytes
A. Recognize, bind, and
ingest antigens
B. Play a role in the
inflammatory response
C. Can interface with and
trigger an adaptive
immune response
D. All of the answers are
correct
E. None of the answers are
correct

Answer 28

All of the answers are
correct

Question 29

How did Typhoid Mary become an
asymptomatic carrier of Typhoid Fever?

Answer 29

She likely had a mild case of
the disease and her immune
system prevented the
bacteria from making her sick
but did not clear the infection

Question 30

What process or processes generate and
contribute to genetic diversity in mitosis?

Answer 30

Errors in DNA
replication