Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIO EXAM 3 > BIO EXAM 3 LEC 13 > Flashcards

BIO EXAM 3 LEC 13 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why Ecdysozoa?

A

Ecdysis is the process of casting off the outer cuticle; used to accommodate growth (also known as molting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What falls under the ecdysozoa?

A

The Nematoda and the Arthropoda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some characteristics of Nematoda?

A

Includes 25,000 species of roundworms
-Can live in aquatic habitations, soil, tissue of plants and animals
-Most are microscopic
-Gas exchange is done through diffusion
-Their body is covered in a cuticle, which molts to enlarge the body and creates a new cuticle
-Have a complete digestive system
-Do not have a circulatory
-They have a pseudocoelom (meaning it is derived from both the **)
-Most reproduce sexually

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Trichinella Spiralis

A

A species that lives in the muscle of their host. They imbed themsevles in the muscles of humans and cause cause strokes, uncontrolled muscle movements and pain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Caenorhabditis Elegans

A

-It is a model species that is used to understand something greater.
-Their organization and structures of genomes are studied
-They are endemic to tropical weather

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the subphylum of arthropoda?

A

Myriapoda
-Chelicerata
-Crustacea
-Hexapoda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What makes an arthropod?

A

Their coelom is a lot smaller. Their movement is very diverse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are Spiracles?

A

They are openings on each segments of the body which leads to an individual tracheae and those tracheae are involved in gas exchange.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the characteristics of Arthropods?

A

They have a complete gut
-We see a reversal in their coelom (have a reduced coelom)
-Have an open circulatory system
-More than 1million species including crustaceans, insects, and myriapods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the major characteristics of Arthropods?

A

They have a hardened exoskeleton (chitin)
-Joint appendages
-Specialized segments
-Have spiracles and tracheas as respiratory structures
-Have specialized sensory structures
-Specialized developmental stages (metamorphosis)
-Head, thorax, abdomen
-Malpighian tubules in some (excretion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cephalization of arthropods

A

hey have high levels of cephalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 4 specialized developmental stages?

A

Egg, larva, pupal, and adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Excretion in arthropods

A

hey have 3 major body regions and structures that are involved in getting rid of waste.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cephalothorax

A

When the head and thorax are directly fused together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the general Body plan of an Arthropod?

A

They have an antennae which is a sensory receptor
-They have swimming appendages
-Have walking legs
-Have mouthparts
-Have pincers (for defense)
- Have a head
-Have a thorax
-Might have a cephalothorax
-Has an abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the two classes of of Myriapoda?

A

The Centipedes (chilopoda) and the millipedes (diplopoda)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the characteristics of Myriapoda?

A

It includes more than 10,000 species
-Name means “many footed”
-They have paired appendages on almost all segments (this allows for movement)
-Respiration occurs through tracheae
-Excretion occurs through Malpighian tubules
-Same have repugnatorial glands on the side of their body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the difference between a millipede and a centipede?

A

A centipede has 1 pair of legs per appendage while a millipede has 2 pairs of legs were appendage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a characteristic of centipedes?

A

They are venomous and have aposematic coloration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a characteristic of millipedes?

A

they are harmless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the purpose of the repugnatorial glands?

A

They emit a foul odor that acts as a way to warn off predators.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the 3 major classes in Chelicerata?

A

The Pycnogonida
-The merostomata
-The Arachnida

21
Q

What are some characteristics of the Pycnogonida?

A

They are known as sea spiders and live in marine habitat.
-They are often brightly colored

22
Q

What are some characteristics of the Merostomata?

A

-They are commonly known as the horseshoe crab
-They have a hard shell for protection
-They have legs that help push food towards their mouth
-They use a series of gill like structures for gas exchange (book gills)
-They have a tail to help them flip over if needed

23
Q

What is the tail of a Merostomata called?

A

A telson

24
Q

What are some characteristics of araneae?

A

-Known as the spiders
-Over 40,000 known species
-Have chelicerae (front appendages) which have terminal fangs
-Have venom glands
-Have a pair of leglike pedipals
-Have 4 pairs of walking legs that end in claws
-Have important ecological roles

25
Q

What is the purpose of spiders leglike pedipalps?

A

Used as a sensory function
2) Used to transfer sperm

26
Q

What are the 3 classes of Arachnida?

A

Araneae
Scorpiones
Opiliones

27
Q

What is an ecological role that spiders have?

A

They help in keeping control of insect population because they prey on a variety of insects.

28
Q

Terminal Fangs

A

Used for biting, chewing, and for defense. They are connected to venom glands in the body.

29
Q

Neurotoxic

A

Venom that targets the NC and heart

29
Q

Hemotoxic

A

Attacks living tissue that is bathed by blood and can lead to necrosis

30
Q

Terminate Claws

A

Allows spiders to adhere to surfaces

31
Q

What are some characteristics of Opiliones?

A

Known as daddy long legs
-Are omnivorous
-Includes up to 5000 species
-They eat decomposing vegetation and animal matter
-Are not venomous
-Have noxious secretions for defense
-Have a penis for sperm transfer

32
Q

What are some characteristisc of scorpiones?

A

-Their venom is attached to a stinger/pincher
-The smaller the stinger the more potent their venom is and vice versa.

33
Q

Noxious secretion

A

Can be emitted through their skin for defense

34
Q

What are some characteristics of Acari?

A

-It includes the ticks and mites
-Most are parasitic
-Most are pathogenic
-Includes 500,000+ species and realistically more than 1 million species exist
-They are very successful and live in all habitats

35
Q

What are some characteristics of Crustaceans?

A

-They live mainly in marine habitats and have few freshwater and terrestrial species
-They have two pairs of antennae towards the anterior
-They have an anterior maxillae which can manipulate prey towards the mandibles for feeding
-Some body segments may bear appendages
-They have respiration through structures similar to gills
-They have a cephalothorax
-The have a carapace

36
Q

What is a Cephalothorax?

A

When one more thoracic segments are fused with the head

37
Q

What is the carapace?

A

It is a hardened shell for protection found in the dorsal and covers the cephalothorax

38
Q

What is the largest class of crustaceans?

A

The malacostraca; which includes the lobsters, crabs, shrimps, sow bugs, and others

They also have obvious ecological and economic importance (need to avoid over harvesting)

39
Q

What is the general body plan of a crustacean?

A

-Cephalothorax has 13 segments
-Abdomen has 6 segments
-Carapace
-Antennule
-Antenna
-Mandible
-Maxillae
-Macilipeds
Walking legs
-Telson
-Uropod
-Swimmerets

40
Q

What class falls under the sub phylum Hexapoda?

A

the insecta

41
Q

What are some characteristics of Insecta?

A

-Most diverse and abundant group of arthropods
-30 million species +
-Insects have 6 legs
-Have an ectognathous mouthpart (outside pouch)
-Usually has 2 pairs of wings on the thoracic region
-Sized from 1mm to 20cm
-Have a reduced coelom

42
Q

What is the study of insects?

A

Entomology

43
Q

-gnath

A

having to do with feeding or jawparts

44
Q

What is the ectognathus mouthparts?

A

When the chewing parts of the organism are on the outside

45
Q

What are some characteristics regarding the circulatory system of insecta?

A

They have a primarily open circulatory system where the lymph bathes the internal organs directly and delivers oxygen

46
Q

What are some characteristics regarding the digestive system of insecta?

A

They have a complete digestive tract which is proventriculus and contains a tooth like denticles that grind and pulverize food particles. They also have a gastric ceca.

47
Q

What are some characteristics regarding the nervous system of insecta?

A

The brain and ventral ganglion are by a nerve cord that is similar to the function of a spinal column.

48
Q

Why have arthropods been so successful?

A

They have an efficient relationship with angiosperms
-They have a versatile exoskeleton (meaning they have tough body structures)
-They have efficient locomotion
-Air is piped directly to cells through tracheae and spiracles
-They have highly developed sensory organs
-They have complex behavioral patterns
-The limit competition through metamorphosis

49
Q

What is the lymph in insecta?

A

It is the fluid that surrounds their internal organs similar to blood in humans. It is also how they get their oxygen.

50
Q

Proventriculus

A

Tooth like denticles that grind and pulverize food particles (apart of the digestion system)

BIO EXAM 3 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions