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BIO EXAM 3 > BIO EXAM 3 Lec 10 > Flashcards

BIO EXAM 3 Lec 10 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

endoderm examples

A

liver, pancreas, thymus

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2
Q

mesoderm examples

A

skeletal system, muscular system, notochord

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3
Q

ectoderm examples

A

cornea and lens of ete, nervous system, spidermis of skin

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4
Q

Triploblastic

A

has three germ layers: the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm.

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5
Q

Diploblastic

A

having two germ layers; ectoderm and endoderm

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6
Q

endoderm develops into

A

gut lining

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7
Q

mesoderm

A

source of muscles

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8
Q

ectoderm

A

start of the tissue that linesthe body surface

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9
Q

2 animal body plans

A

cavities, layers in embryo

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10
Q

gastrula parts

A

ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm, archendom, blastocoel,blastopore

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11
Q

animal embryotic development

A
  • Zygote –> eight cell stage –>blastula –> gastrulation –> blastopore
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12
Q

posterar is towards the

A

tail

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13
Q

dorsal body part is towards

A

upper part or back of the standinganimal

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14
Q

ventral body part is towards

A

lower part of body, if standing its stomach area

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15
Q

anterior body part is towards

A

the head

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16
Q

body regions in bilateral animals

A

anterior, posterior, dorsal, ventral

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17
Q

bilateral symmetry

A

one plane of symmetry

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18
Q

radial symmetry

A

infinite planes of symmetry

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19
Q

arthropods

A

most diverse species of animals

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20
Q

invertabrate

A

make upover 95% of the known species ofanimals

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21
Q

the vertabrates include

A

mammals,birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes

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22
Q

animals have ___ in some stage of life

A

mobility

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23
Q

most animals perform what type of reproduction

A

sexual

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24
Q

animals are ____ heterotrophs

A

aerobic

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25
Q

animals are

A

multicellular, most have tissues, organs, andorgan systems

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26
Q

first animals

A

sponges

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27
Q

Choanoflagellates are similar to a part of a sponge called

A

collar cell, choanocytes

28
Q

First animals appeared approx

A

800m years ago

29
Q

Coelom

A

a fluid or air-filled space located between the
digestive tract and the outer body walldigestive tract and the outer body w

30
Q

function of coelom

A

prevent injury to internal organs, enables
organs to grow and move independently of the outerorgans to grow and move independently of the outer
body wallbody wall

31
Q

True coelom forms from the

A

mesoderm

32
Q

animals with a
true coelom are known as

A

coelomate

33
Q

what are psuedocoelomates

A

a coelum that is formed from both the mesoderm and
the endoderm

34
Q

psuedocoelomates are ancestral to

A

coeluoms

35
Q

acoelomates

A

lack a body cavity

36
Q

acoelomates are ancestral to

A

psuedoceolmates

37
Q

coelomate

A

all vertebrates;
some derived groups of
invertebrates (earthworms)

38
Q

psuedocoelomate animal

A

Nematoda

39
Q

acoelomate animal

A

Platyhelminthes: Planarians
(most ancestral condition)

40
Q

why must acoelomate animals remain small?

A

they have no coelom so organs and skin touch and if grow there body will explode. they can grow vertically. they can only grow in length

41
Q

Protostome
Development v.
Deuterostome
Development

A
  1. Cleavage
  2. Determination of
    earliest cells
  3. Coelom
    Formation
  4. Fate of the
    Blastopore***
42
Q

PDvDD cleavage

A

protostome spiral and determinat
deuterostome radial and indeterminant

43
Q

PDvDD determination of earliest cells

A

protostome in earliest stages; those cells have already been designated for a specific function (determinant)
deuterostome cells have yet to be given a function (stem cells)

44
Q

PDvDD fate of blastopore

A

protostome becomes mouth
deuterostome becomes anus

45
Q

PDvDD coelom formation

A

protostome Mesoderms split and form coeloms
deuterostome folds of archentron form coelum

46
Q

stem cell

A

not given a roll

47
Q

determinent

A

cells assignment a role in early stage

48
Q

spiral cleavage

A

cells divide in a circular motion
around the polar axis

49
Q

radial cleavage

A

cells divide toward the
polar axis

50
Q

All animals share a common ancestor

A

(ancestral colonial flagellate – protist)

51
Q

the most ancestral animals

A

sponges

52
Q

Eumetazoa

A

is a clade of animals with true tissues

53
Q

eumetazoa includes all animals except

A

sponges

54
Q

Most animals demonstrate

A

bilateral symmetry

55
Q

Chordates and Echinoderms are

A

deuterostomes

56
Q

deuterostome development is

A

derived

57
Q

protosome development is

A

ancestral

58
Q

Rapid mitotic division is known as

A

cleavage

59
Q

means empty in biology

A

coel

60
Q

cephalization

A

an evolutionary trend of the concentration of sense organs and nerve control towards the anterior end of a animal

61
Q

archentron

A

hallow space

62
Q

blastopore

A

entrance to archentron

63
Q

Outer layer of cells is

A

ectoderm

64
Q

Gastrula is comprised of

A

: outer layer cells(ectoderm), endoderm

65
Q

inner layer of cells is

A

endoderm

BIO EXAM 3 (8 decks)

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