BIO Chapter 10

Question 1

What is the overall function of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

Homeostasis>O2 into tissues>C02 from tissues to outside.

Question 2

What is the path of air from nasal cavity to lungs?

Answer 2

Nasal cavity>pharynx>glottis>larnyx>trachea>bronchus>bronchioles>lungs

Question 3

The cells of the body carry out cellular respiration to make energy in the form of ____.

Answer 3

ATP

Question 4

Nasal cavities are separated by a ______ made of _______ and _______.

Answer 4

Septum, Bone, Cartilage

Question 5

Nasal cavities are lined by ________ membrane.

Answer 5

Mucous

Question 6

What purpose for respiration does the submucosa serve in the nasal cavity?

Answer 6

It contains a large number of capillaries that help warm and moisten the incoming air.

Question 7

What type of cells act as odor receptors in the upper nasal cavities?

Answer 7

Ciliated

Question 8

What is another term for “cavity” in the body?

Answer 8

Sinus

Question 9

Increased fluid in the sinuses can lead to an increase in pressure; resulting in a ________.

Answer 9

sinus headache

Question 10

Tubes that connect between the nasopharynx and the middle ear are known as ________ tubes.

Answer 10

eustachian

Question 11

The medical name for “throat”

Answer 11

Pharynx

Question 12

The Pharynx has three parts: the _________ where nasal cavities open above the soft palate; the ________ where the oral cavity opens; and the ___________, which opens into the _______ .

Answer 12

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, larynx

Question 13

Tonsils are composed of ________ tissue.

Answer 13

lymphoid

Question 14

The larynx is normally _______; allowing air to pass, but the esophagus is normally ________ until a person swallows.

Answer 14

open, closed

Question 15

The _______ is a cartilaginous structure that serves as a passageway for air between the Pharynx and _________.

Answer 15

larynx, trachea

Question 16

The vocal cords are _________ folds supported by elastic _________, and the slit between them is called the _________.

Answer 16

mucosal, ligaments, glottis

Question 17

What structure does the larynx move upward against when swallowing? What does it do?

Answer 17

The epiglottis - it prevents food from passing into the larynx.

Question 18

The lower respiratory tract consists of the _____, the _________ tree, and the _________.

Answer 18

trachea, bronchial, lungs

Question 19

The C-shaped _____________ rings of the trachea keep it from collapsing.

Answer 19

cartilaginous

Question 20

The mucous membrane that lines the trachea has an outer layer of __________ _________ __________ epithelium and _______ cells.

Answer 20

Pseudostratified, ciliated, columnar, goblet

Question 21

Bronchiolar constriction occurs during and _________ _______.

Answer 21

Asthma attack

Question 22

The lungs are surrounded by _______, two layers of ________ membrane that produce _______ fluid.

Answer 22

pleurae, serous, serous

Question 23

The right lung has _______ lobes, and the left lung has _______ lobes which allows room for which organ?

Answer 23

3, 2, heart

Question 24

A surfactant is a film of _________ that lowers the surface tension of water and prevents the alveoli from closing.

Answer 24

lipoprotein

Question 25

Boyle’s Law states that at a __________ temperature, the pressure of a given quantity of gas is ____________ proportional to its volume.

Answer 25

constant, inversely

Question 26

A(n) __________ in air pressure causes air to move out of the lungs. A(n) _________ in air pressure causes air to enter them. When air pressure increases, volume _________.

Answer 26

increase, decrease. decreases.

Question 27

Why can’t you hold your breath for much longer than 2-3 mins.?

Answer 27

C02 builds in the blood, lowering pH and making it more acidic. Acidic blood affects chemoreceptors in the body to send signals for the body to breathe more rapidly.

Question 28

What is the amount of pressure a gas exerts called?

Answer 28

Partial pressure, PO2, and PCO2

Question 29

If the partial pressure of oxygen differs across a membrane, oxygen will diffuse from the ______ to _______ partial pressure.

Answer 29

higher, lower