bio animal tissues 1 (epi)

Question 1

tissue

Answer 1

group of cells with similar structure, function and origin

Question 2

how are tissues organised to form an organ

Answer 2

in specific proportion and pattern

Question 3

why do the structure of cells vary?

Answer 3

to adapt to their specific function

Question 4

name four types of tissues

Answer 4

epithelial
connective
muscular
neural

Question 5

epithelial tissue

Answer 5

consists of cells arranged in continuous sheets either in single or multiple layers

Question 6

where does it grow

Answer 6

on other tissues

Question 7

this tissue has ____ which faces either _____ or ______

Answer 7

free surface, a body fluid, outside environment

Question 8

why do they always have a free surface

Answer 8

because no other tissue grows over them

Question 9

vascular vs avascular?

Answer 9

avascular

Question 10

what does it mean to say that epithelial cells are avascular

Answer 10

epithelial cells have their own blood supply but lack their own blood supply. blood vessels that help in diffusion are located in the adjacent connective tissues. exchange occurs through diffusion between epi and conn. tissue cells

Question 11

in general, epi cells facing outwards of the body are ____ and those that do inwards are _____

Answer 11

keratinous, non-keratinous

Question 12

types of epithelial tissue

Answer 12

simple(1 layer)

compound(many layers)

Question 13

where can we find simple epithelium?

Answer 13

as a lining for body cavities ducts and tubes

Question 14

where can we find compound epithelium

Answer 14

skin

Question 15

on which basis can we divide epithelial tissue in 3 categories?

Answer 15

on the basis of structural modification in the cells

Question 16

what are the three types of epithelium

Answer 16

squamous
cuboidal
columnar

Question 17

squamous epithelium

Answer 17

a single layer of flattened cells with irregular boundaries

Question 18

where is squamous epithelium found

Answer 18

walls of blood vessels, alveoli, etc

Question 19

functions of squamous epithelium

Answer 19

diffusion

filtration

Question 20

cuboidal epithelium

Answer 20

a single layer of cube-like cells

Question 21

where is cuboidal epithelium found

Answer 21

ducts of glands

tubular parts of nephrons in kidneys

Question 22

functions of cuboidal epithelium

Answer 22

secretion

absorption

Question 23

which epithelium has microvilli

Answer 23

pct in nephrons

Question 24

columnar epithelium

Answer 24

a single layer of tall and slender cells

Question 25

two structural features of columnar epithelium

Answer 25

nuclei are located at the base | the free surface may have microvilli

Question 26

where is columnar epithelium found

Answer 26

lining of stomach and intestine

Question 27

functions of columnar epithelium

Answer 27

secretion and absorption

Question 28

ciliated epithelium

Answer 28

if the columnar or cuboidal epi cells have cilia on their free surface they are called ciliated epithelium

Question 29

function of ciliated epithelium

Answer 29

move particles or mucus in a specific direction over the epithelium

Question 30

where are ciliated epi cells present

Answer 30

inner surface of hollow organs like bronchioles,fallopian tubes etc

Question 31

study of tissues

Answer 31

histology

Question 32

father of histology

Answer 32

bichat

Question 33

founder of histology

Answer 33

marcello malpighi

Question 34

origin of tissues

Answer 34

from the germ layers in the embryo which differentiate into diff cell types and tissues

Question 35

microvilli

Answer 35

minute finger-like projections that increase the absorption surface area of cells

Question 36

stereocilia

Answer 36

long non-motile processes found in epididymis,vas deferens, hair cells of internal ear etc

Question 37

apical surface of epithelium

Answer 37

1)faces body surface/cavity /lumen of internal organ /tubular duct that receives cell secretions 2)may contain cilia or microvilli

Question 38

any tissue with cilia/villi is called

Answer 38

brush bordered tissue

Question 39

lateral surfaces of epithelium

Answer 39

``` may contain: tight junctions adhesive junctions gap junctions desmosomes ```

Question 40

basal surface of epithelium

Answer 40

opposite to apical surface | deepest layer of cells that adhere to extracellular materials

Question 41

basement membrane

Answer 41

thin extracellular layer that consists of basal lamina reticular lamina

Question 42

basal lamina

Answer 42

closer to and secreted by epi cells functions as point of attachment contains two proteins:collagen,laminin

Question 43

reticular lamina

Answer 43

closer to underlying connective tissue and contains proteins like collagen produced by conn tissue cells called fibroblasts

Question 44

basic difference between cuboidal and columnar cells

Answer 44

THE MAIN DIFFERENCE LIES IN THE FUNCTION WITH RESPECT TO LOCATION.

Question 45

origin of epi tissue

Answer 45

ecto, endo and mesoderms

Question 46

muscular tissue origin

Answer 46

mesoderm

Question 47

origin of conn tissue

Answer 47

mesoderm

Question 48

origin of neural tissue

Answer 48

ectoderm