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biology > bio animal tissues 1 (epi) > Flashcards

bio animal tissues 1 (epi) Flashcards

subtopic: epithelial tissues

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

tissue

A

group of cells with similar structure, function and origin

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2
Q

how are tissues organised to form an organ

A

in specific proportion and pattern

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3
Q

why do the structure of cells vary?

A

to adapt to their specific function

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4
Q

name four types of tissues

A

epithelial
connective
muscular
neural

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5
Q

epithelial tissue

A

consists of cells arranged in continuous sheets either in single or multiple layers

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6
Q

where does it grow

A

on other tissues

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7
Q

this tissue has ____ which faces either _____ or ______

A

free surface, a body fluid, outside environment

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8
Q

why do they always have a free surface

A

because no other tissue grows over them

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9
Q

vascular vs avascular?

A

avascular

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10
Q

what does it mean to say that epithelial cells are avascular

A

epithelial cells have their own blood supply but lack their own blood supply. blood vessels that help in diffusion are located in the adjacent connective tissues. exchange occurs through diffusion between epi and conn. tissue cells

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11
Q

in general, epi cells facing outwards of the body are ____ and those that do inwards are _____

A

keratinous, non-keratinous

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12
Q

types of epithelial tissue

A

simple(1 layer)

compound(many layers)

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13
Q

where can we find simple epithelium?

A

as a lining for body cavities ducts and tubes

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14
Q

where can we find compound epithelium

A

skin

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15
Q

on which basis can we divide epithelial tissue in 3 categories?

A

on the basis of structural modification in the cells

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16
Q

what are the three types of epithelium

A

squamous
cuboidal
columnar

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17
Q

squamous epithelium

A

a single layer of flattened cells with irregular boundaries

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18
Q

where is squamous epithelium found

A

walls of blood vessels, alveoli, etc

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19
Q

functions of squamous epithelium

A

diffusion

filtration

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20
Q

cuboidal epithelium

A

a single layer of cube-like cells

21
Q

where is cuboidal epithelium found

A

ducts of glands

tubular parts of nephrons in kidneys

22
Q

functions of cuboidal epithelium

A

secretion

absorption

23
Q

which epithelium has microvilli

A

pct in nephrons

24
Q

columnar epithelium

A

a single layer of tall and slender cells

25
Q

two structural features of columnar epithelium

A

nuclei are located at the base

the free surface may have microvilli

26
Q

where is columnar epithelium found

A

lining of stomach and intestine

27
Q

functions of columnar epithelium

A

secretion and absorption

28
Q

ciliated epithelium

A

if the columnar or cuboidal epi cells have cilia on their free surface they are called ciliated epithelium

29
Q

function of ciliated epithelium

A

move particles or mucus in a specific direction over the epithelium

30
Q

where are ciliated epi cells present

A

inner surface of hollow organs like bronchioles,fallopian tubes etc

31
Q

study of tissues

A

histology

32
Q

father of histology

A

bichat

33
Q

founder of histology

A

marcello malpighi

34
Q

origin of tissues

A

from the germ layers in the embryo which differentiate into diff cell types and tissues

35
Q

microvilli

A

minute finger-like projections that increase the absorption surface area of cells

36
Q

stereocilia

A

long non-motile processes found in epididymis,vas deferens, hair cells of internal ear etc

37
Q

apical surface of epithelium

A

1)faces body surface/cavity
/lumen of internal organ
/tubular duct that receives cell secretions
2)may contain cilia or microvilli

38
Q

any tissue with cilia/villi is called

A

brush bordered tissue

39
Q

lateral surfaces of epithelium

A 
may contain:
tight junctions
adhesive junctions
gap junctions
desmosomes
40
Q

basal surface of epithelium

A

opposite to apical surface

deepest layer of cells that adhere to extracellular materials

41
Q

basement membrane

A

thin extracellular layer that consists of
basal lamina
reticular lamina

42
Q

basal lamina

A

closer to and secreted by epi cells
functions as point of attachment
contains two proteins:collagen,laminin

43
Q

reticular lamina

A

closer to underlying connective tissue and contains proteins like collagen produced by conn tissue cells called fibroblasts

44
Q

basic difference between cuboidal and columnar cells

A

THE MAIN DIFFERENCE LIES IN THE FUNCTION WITH RESPECT TO LOCATION.

45
Q

origin of epi tissue

A

ecto, endo and mesoderms

46
Q

muscular tissue origin

A

mesoderm

47
Q

origin of conn tissue

A

mesoderm

48
Q

origin of neural tissue

A

ectoderm

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