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Midterm Review > Bio > Flashcards

Bio Flashcards

0
Q

To kw the allelic frequency of a pop. You must know the genotype of all individual of the pop.

A

True

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1
Q

The movement of genes into and out of a gene pool

A

Migration

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2
Q

When did humans evolve

A

Cenozoic era

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3
Q

Mutations are the genetic basis for what

A

Evolution

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4
Q

What was the earliest to evolve

A

Bacteria

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5
Q

How are fossils classified

A

How they are formed and found

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6
Q

Who came up with the idea of biogenesis

A

Louis Pasteur

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7
Q

The percentage of part allele In

The gene pool is know As wat

A

Allelic frequency

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8
Q

What is the process by which a new species is formed

A

Speciation

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9
Q

What causes the greatest change in gene pool

A

Natural selection

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10
Q

Who formed the idea of natural selection

A

Darwin

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11
Q

What came before fish, or reptiles

A

Fish

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12
Q

What can lead to speciation

A

Geographic isolation

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13
Q

Sisters chromatids are attached to a spindle fiber called what

A

Centromere

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14
Q

The process by which nuclear material is divided equally between 2 newly identical cells is what

A

Mitosis

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15
Q

What is produced by each parent are shown along the sides of the Punnett square

A

Gametes

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16
Q

The alternate forms of a gene are called what

A

Alleles

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17
Q

The passing on of traits from a parent to offspring is called what

A

Heredity

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18
Q

A cells containing 2 alleles for each trait are described as what

A

Diploid

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19
Q

2 halves of a doubled chromosome is called what

A

Sister chromatids

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20
Q

If a body cell has 24 chromosomes how many will the sex cell have

A

12

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21
Q

What appear in the phenotype only when an homozygous

A

Recessive traits

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22
Q

What laws of heredity formed the foundation of genetics

A

Mendels

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23
Q

What cells 2 alleles for each trait must separate when gametes are formed

A

Diploid

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24
Q

Only one allele per trait can travel on what

A

Sex cell

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25
Q

What organelle that organizes cell division in the animal cell and forms the spindle is what

A

Centriole

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26
Q

What are the factors that affect the rate of speed in diffusion

A

Concentration gradient
Size of the particles
Permeability of the membrane

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27
Q

The scientist who first described of living cells as seen though a simple microscope

A

Van leewenhoek

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28
Q

If a cell contains a distinct nucleus , it must be what

A

Eurkaryotic

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29
Q

The functions of a eurkaryotic cell managed by the

A

Nucleus

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30
Q

Cell structures that contain digestive enzymes are what

A

Lysosomes

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31
Q

In a cell, the sites of protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

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32
Q

What are large fluid filled sacs, that store food ,waste and water

A

Vacuoles

33
Q

What are important for repackaging protiens

A

Golgi bodies

34
Q

Who worked with animal cells

A

Schleidon

35
Q

Thickened outer cellulose , filled plant part is what

A

Cell wall

36
Q

In cells would you expect to find the largest amount in mitochondria

A

Muscle

37
Q

The part of the cells that maintains homeostasis repetive to the cells environment

A

Cell membrane

38
Q

A cell moves particles from a region of lesser concentration to a region of higher concentration is what

A

Active transport

39
Q

Water moves into a cell placed is what

A

Hypotonic solution

40
Q

When some molecules go through a membrane faster and more easily than others is what,

A

Selectively permeable

41
Q

If a cell is placed in a concentrated salt solution water leaves the cells is what

A

Osmosis

42
Q

Which organelle has very large surface area to allow energy to processed

A

Mitchrondria

43
Q

What is very rigid and stiff

A

Plasma membrane

44
Q

What do Lysosomes do

A

They destroy bacteria
They destroy viruses
They break down old organelles
They help to maintain homeostasis

45
Q

Living things adjust to a stimulus by a reaction called

A

Response

46
Q

All living things do what to make more living things

A

Reproduce

47
Q

The information gathered from experiments is what

A

Data

48
Q

The part of a expeirment in which the conditions are used for comparison is what

A

Control group

49
Q

The steps commonly used by scientists gathering information t test hypothesis and solve problems are called what

A

Scientific methods

50
Q

A testable explanation for a question or problem is what

A

Hypothesis

51
Q

A what is a test of a hypothesis

A

Experiment

52
Q

What is not a specific charecteristic of life according to what we learned in class

A

Breathing

53
Q

What is not considered to be alive

A

Fire, water

54
Q

The nucleus of an atom contains

A

Protons and neutrons

55
Q

What are the basic subunits of proteins

A

Amino acids

56
Q

Carbon 12/13/14are isotopes how do the differ

A

The differ in neutrons

57
Q

Unlike carbohydrates and fats , proteins contain what

A

Nitrogen

58
Q

In a experiment, the condition that is changed by the experiment is what

A

Indpendent variable

59
Q

The small subunits of nucleic acids are known as

A

Nucleotides

60
Q

Which is an example of monosaccide

A

Glucose

61
Q

What substance contains sulfur

A

Proteins

62
Q

How many elements are essential to living things

A

25

63
Q

Which 4 life substances does dna belong

A

Nucleic acids

64
Q

What is not a big four element

A

Phosphorus

65
Q

What could be an experimental variable

A

Color, light, time and amount of water

66
Q

A covalent bonds involves sharing what

A

electrons

67
Q

Anything that possesses all characteristics of life is what

A

Organism

68
Q

What is the subunit and element of protien

A

Amino acids and CHON-S

69
Q

What is the function of protein

A

Builds structure and metabolism

70
Q

What is an example of protien

A

Animal protein

71
Q

What is the subunit and element of lipids

A

Fatty acids and CHO

72
Q

What is the function for lipids

A

Insulation , long term energy storage and protection

73
Q

What is a example of lipids

A

Fats

74
Q

What is the subunit and element of nucleic acid

A

Nucleotide and CHON-P

75
Q

What is the function of nucleic acid

A

Store genetics

76
Q

What is an example of nucleic acid

A

DNA / RNA

77
Q

What is the subunit and element of carbhydrates

A

Monosaccide and CHO

78
Q

What is the function of carbohydrates

A

Store and release enery

79
Q

What is an example of carbhydrates

A

Starch

Midterm Review (5 decks)

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