bio 3

Question 1

organic compound

Answer 1

chemical compound containing the element carbon and usually hydrogen

Question 2

isomers

Answer 2

organic compounds with the same molecular formula with different structures and properties

Question 3

hydrocarbons

Answer 3

organic compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen

Question 4

functional groups

Answer 4

specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to carbon skeleton of organic molecules

Question 5

hydrophilic

Answer 5

polar or charged molecules

Question 6

hydroxyl group

Answer 6

chemical group consisting of an oxygen atom bonded to hydrogen atom

Question 7

carbonyl group

Answer 7

chemical group consisiting of carbon atom linked by double bond to an oxygen atom

Question 8

amino group

Answer 8

chemical group consiting of nitrogen atoms bonded by two hydrogen atoms

Question 9

phosphate group

Answer 9

chemical group consisting of a phosphorus atom bonded by four oxygen atoms

Question 10

methyl group

Answer 10

consist of carbon bonded to 3 atoms

Question 11

macromolecules

Answer 11

giant molecule formed by joining of smaller molecules

Question 12

polymers

Answer 12

large molecule consisting of many identical or similar monomers

Question 13

monomers

Answer 13

subunit that serves as a building block of a polymer

Question 14

dehydration reaction

Answer 14

chemical reaction in which 2 molecules become covalently bonded to each other with removal of water molecule

Question 15

hydrolysis

Answer 15

chemical reaction that breaks bonds between 2 molecules by addition of water

Question 16

enzymes

Answer 16

macromolecule that changes rate of chemical reaction without being consumed by reaction

Question 17

carbohydrates

Answer 17

member of class of biological molecules consisting of single monomers sugars, 2 monomers sugars, and polymers

Question 18

monosacchrides

Answer 18

simplest carbohydrate

Question 19

glucose

Answer 19

serves as building block for many polysaccharides

Question 20

dissaccharides

Answer 20

sugar molecule consisting of 2 monosacchrides

Question 21

polysaccaharides

Answer 21

a carbohydrate polymer of many monosaccahrides

Question 22

starch

Answer 22

storage of polysaccharides in plants

Question 23

glycogen

Answer 23

extensivly branched glucose found in liver

Question 24

cellulose

Answer 24

structural polysacchride of plant cell walls composed of glucose monomers

Question 25

chitin

Answer 25

structural polysaccharide found in many fungal cells walls

Question 26

lipids

Answer 26

oragnic compound consisting mainly of carbon and hydrogen atoms linked by nonpolar covalent bonds

Question 27

hydrophobic

Answer 27

molecules that do not disolve in water

Question 28

fat

Answer 28

lipid composed of 3 fatty acids linked to one glycerol molecule

Question 29

unsaturated fatty acid

Answer 29

fatty acid that has one or more double bond between carbon in the hydrocarbon tail

Question 30

saturated fatty acids

Answer 30

all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected

Question 31

trans fats

Answer 31

unsaturated fats lead to health risks thats formed artifically

Question 32

phospholipids

Answer 32

lipid made up of glycerol

Question 33

steroids

Answer 33

type of lipid whose carbon skeleton is in the form of 4 fused rings with various chemical groups attached

Question 34

cholesterol

Answer 34

important componet of animal cell membranes

Question 35

anabolic steriod

Answer 35

synthetic varient of male hormone

Question 36

protein

Answer 36

functional biological molecule consistingof one or more polypetide folded into a specific 3 dimensional structure

Question 37

denaturation

Answer 37

process which proteins unravel, losing function and structure

Question 38

amino acids

Answer 38

organic molecule containing carboxyl group and a amino group

Question 39

peptide bond

Answer 39

covalent bond between 2 amino acid units in a polypeptide

Question 40

polypeptide

Answer 40

a polymer chain of amino acids

Question 41

primary structure

Answer 41

the first level of protein structure

Question 42

secondary structure

Answer 42

second level of protein structure

Question 43

tertiary structure

Answer 43

3rd level of protein structure

Question 44

quaterniary structure

Answer 44

animal that eats tertiary consumers

Question 45

nucleic acid

Answer 45

polymer consisting of many nucleotide monomers

Question 46

nucleotides

Answer 46

nucleotide building block of nucleic acids

Question 47

double helix

Answer 47

the form of native dna