Bio 224 Digestive

Question 1

What is accomplished by the enterogastric reflex?

Answer 1

Decreases vagal actvity and acid secretion by the stomach

Question 2

Which of the following is paried incorrectly

Answer 2

pepsin and oligopeptides

Question 3

Why might the drug orlistat, which blocks pancreatic lipase helps an individual lose weight?

Answer 3

Blocking pancreatic lipase will in turn block the chemical digestion and absorption of lipids , potentially leading to weight loss

Question 4

What effect would a posion that stimulates the parasymoatheic NS by activating the vagus nerve; have on the motility of the stomach

Answer 4

Much of the churning of the stomach is under the control of hormones and enteric hormones and enteric NS neurons so this poision would have little effects on these control mechanisms

Question 5

The terminal portion of the large int. is the rectum T or F

Answer 5

false

Question 6

Gallbladder release bile into the

Answer 6

cystic duct

Question 7

What enzyme catalyzes reactions that initiate carb. digestion

Answer 7

salivary amylase

Question 8

How is frutose absorbed across the apical enterocyte membrane

Answer 8

faciliated diffusion

Question 9

At the splenic flexure the colon becomes the

Answer 9

descending colon

Question 10

Molecule of glucose being absorbed in the small int. will first be transported

Answer 10

across apical membrane of enterocytes

Question 11

Why does peritonitis, inflammation of the peritoneal membrane, affect multiplue digestive organs

Answer 11

the peritoneal membrane surrounds many abdominal organs, so inflammation of the membrane will affect multiple organs rapdily

Question 12

Which of the following hormones stimulates pancreatic secretions

Answer 12

secretin

Question 13

Which of the following enzymes digests proteins

Answer 13

pepsin

Question 14

The sympatheic NS

Answer 14

Inhibits digestive processes

Question 15

Why are patients encouraged to take suppliments that contain bacteria found in the natural flora when they are on antibiotics

Answer 15

Antibiotics often destroy the natural flora of bacteria in the large int. which can lead to greater infections.

Question 16

What would happen with the defecation reflex if the spinal cord were damaged

Answer 16

defecation would no longer be under voluntary control since the cerebral cortex would not be able to communicate with the external anal sphincter and levator ani muscle

Question 17

Which hormones stimulates the acinar cells of the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes

Answer 17

Cholecystokinin ( CCK)

Question 18

Falciform ligament sepreates the

Answer 18

right and left lobes of the liver

Question 19

Damaged hepatocytes will impair

Answer 19

bile production

Question 20

Gallstones may block the flow of bile from the gallbaldder by becoming lodged in the

Answer 20

cystic duct

Question 21

Before carb are absorbed__ digest disaccharides into monosaccharides

Answer 21

brush border enzyme

Question 22

Mucosa of the alimentary canal form esophagus to anus is composed of simple columnar epthilum

Answer 22

false

Question 23

What symptomes will a patient with pyloric stenosis ( due to narrowing due to hypertrophy of pyloric sphincter ) have?

Answer 23

Pyloric stenosis may cause a patient to experience excessive vomiting, leading to electrolyres imbalance and malnutriton

Question 24

Which of the following does NOT increase surface area in the small intestine

Answer 24

rugae

Question 25

What is the primary effect of gastric inhibitory pepside ( GIP)

Answer 25

GIP inhibits acid secretion from parietal cells

Question 26

The pattern of slow rhythmic contractions of the small intestine during fasting is called the

Answer 26

migrating motor complex ( MMC)

Question 27

What creates the taeniae coli

Answer 27

longitudinal layer of the muscualris externa

Question 28

What stimuus intates the defecation reflex

Answer 28

strech of the rectum

Question 29

Proton pump inhibitors are drugs that block the secreations of gastric acids. Which cells are affected by these drugs

Answer 29

parietal cells

Question 30

Which is not an endocrine hormone secreted by the pancreas

Answer 30

aldosterone

Question 31

Hormone released by the duodenum in response to acids and lipids in the duodenum

Answer 31

secretin

Question 32

hormones relased by the duodenum in repsonse to liids and partially digested protiens in the duodenum

Answer 32

Cholecystokinin CCK

Question 33

Hormone produced by a diffuse neuroendocrine system cell of the stomach to inhibit acid secretion by the stomach

Answer 33

Somatostatin

Question 34

Hormone produced by a diffuse neruocendorine cells of the stomach called a G celll

Answer 34

Gastrin

Question 35

Hormone produced by the duodenum to reduce acid secretion by the stomach

Answer 35

gastric inhibitory peptide ( GIP)

Question 36

Which of the following GI hormone promotes a pancreatic juice rich in bicarbonate ions

Answer 36

Secretin

Question 37

Converion of pepsinogen into the active form, pesin, requires

Answer 37

an acidic Ph

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT an effect of the vagus nerve on the stomach's activity

Answer 38

stimulation of somatostatin secreations

Question 39

What does the gastric pacemaker regualtes

Answer 39

churnning and peristalsis of the stomach

Question 40

Gastrin increases hydrogen ion secretion by the stomach T or F

Answer 40

true

Question 41

Secretin, gastic inhibitory peptside, somatostatin and the nterogastric reflex incarese acid secretion by the stomach

Answer 41

False

Question 42

Which cells relseasse hydocloric acid into the stomach

Answer 42

parietal cells

Question 42

Gastric muscosa

Answer 42

parietal cells

Question 43

Voluntary relaxation of the external anal sphincter that triggers defectaion is controlled by the

Answer 43

Cerebral cortex

Question 44

Liver secretion is responsible for the emulsification of lipds in the duodenum

Answer 44

Bile

Question 45

Most digestive enxyme catalyze __ reactions

Answer 45

Hydrolysis

Question 46

What add. affects will a vagotomy have on a patient, besides lowering stomach acid secretion

Answer 46

Stomach acids are needed to activate pepsinogen so lower acid secretion will affect protiens digestion in the stomach

Question 47

Which following catalyzes carb. in the mouth

Answer 47

saliavry amylase

Question 48

Function of lysozyme in saliva is to

Answer 48

perforate bacterial plasma membrane

Question 49

Why would decreased saliva lead to tooth decay

Answer 49

Saliva helps to moisten and cleanse the oral cavoty and cntains lyzsizymes and IGA A to kill pathogenic bacteria preventing tooth decay

Question 50

Why do chemical warfare agents that block enzyme ACh cause drooling in indvuadaled affected by them

Answer 50

Salivation is stimulated by the release of ACh by the parasympatheic nervous sytem . If ach cannot be broken down by ach excess salivation oocurse

Question 51

norepinephrine is the nuerotrandsmitter relased by which fibers

Answer 51

sympatheic post ganglionic fibers

Question 52

Enteric interneruons that are inhibitory to smooth muscle use which of the follwoing neruotransmitters

Answer 52

VIP

Question 53

Which of the following intertinal hormones stimulate the relase of bile form the gallbladder

Answer 53

CCK