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BIO 224 Lecture > Bio 224A Cardio > Flashcards

Bio 224A Cardio Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the pulmonary circuit involves blood flow form the heart to and from the

A

Lungs

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2
Q

What is the function of the valves in the heart

A

Prevent backflow of blood through the heart

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3
Q

Which vessel is guarded by a semilunar valve at its base

A

Pulmonary trunk

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4
Q

What vessels deliver oxygenated blood to the left atrium

A

Pulmonary veins

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5
Q

During what part of the action potential will calcium ions enter the contractile cell

A

Plateau phase

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6
Q

What normally serves as the pacemaker of the entire heart

A

Sinoatrial (SA) node

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7
Q

The P-wave on a ECG represent the depolarization of the cells in the

A

Artia

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8
Q

Which of the following can be used to measure heart rate?

A

R-R interval

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9
Q

The amount of blood remaining in each ventricle at the end of the ventricular ejection phase is normally about

A

50 ml

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10
Q

What two values are needed in order to calculate cradiac output for ventricle

A

Stroke volume and heart rate

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11
Q

The degree of stretch experienced by the sarcomeres in the ventricles cells before they contract is called

A

preload

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12
Q

Which of the following decreases heart rate

A

acetylcholine

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13
Q

Blood in the right atrium should travel next past the

A

Tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle

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14
Q

A damaged Av bundle or Av node will primarily affect the length of the

A

P-R interval

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15
Q

Calculate the end-systolic volume if the end diastolic volume in a resting heart is 110 ml and stroke volume is 70 ml

A

40 ml

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16
Q

Which of the following arteries has the smallest diameter?

A

Metarteriole

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17
Q

Which of the following connects vessels through vascular anastomoses?

A

Collaterals

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18
Q

Which blood vessels handle the highest BP?

A

Systemic arteries

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19
Q

What two values are needed to calculate mean arterial pressure ( MAP)?

A

Diastolic pressure and systolic pressure

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20
Q

Which of the following stimuli is detected by a chemoreceptor?

A

Decreased blood oxygen concentration

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21
Q

What hormone is released to decrease bp?

A

Atrial natriuretic peptide ( ANP)

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22
Q

By which method can large substances cross the endothelial cells and exit a capillary?

A

Transcytosis

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23
Q

Which capillary would be leat likely to allow substances to enter or exit the blood due to tight junctaions that join the endothelial cells

A

Continuous capillaries

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24
Q

Which pressure is created by the presence of large protiens in the blood , such as albumin?

A

Colloid osmotic pressure

25
Q

Which of the following is not an artery that branches off the aortic arch?

A

Right subclavian artery

26
Q

Which artery supplies the small intestine with blood?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

27
Q

Into which vein does blood in the external jugualr vein drain

A

Subclavian vein

28
Q

determine fluid movement when hydrostatic pressure exceeds colloid osmotic pressure at the arteriolar end pf the capillary

A

Water is pushed of the capillary by filtration

29
Q

Damage to the external iliac artery will affect delivery of the blood to the

A

Lower limb

30
Q

determine the mean arterial pressure given a systolic pressure of 130 mm hg and diastolic pressure of 70 mm hg

A

90 mm hg

31
Q

Systole

A

Period in which the heart is contracting

32
Q

Lumen

A

Space enclosed by a hollow organ

33
Q

Diastole

A

Heart is relaxing

34
Q

Hepatic portal system

A

Smallest arterioles that directly feed capillaries in many tissue

35
Q

Cardiac output

A

Vloume of blood pumped into the pulmonary and systemic circuits in one minute

36
Q

Epinephrine

A

Hormone released by adrenal medulla and that is also released as a neurotransmitter by certain neurons in sympathetic nervous system

37
Q

SA Node

A

Pacemaker cells in the superior right atrium that normally sets the pace for the heart

38
Q

Plateau phase

A

Cardiac action potential during which clacium ions enter cardiac muscl cell as potassium ions exit the cell

39
Q

P-wave

A

Depolarization of the atria

40
Q

T-wave

A

Represents repolarization of the ventricles

41
Q

Afterload

A

Right and left ventricles must overcome in order to eject blood into thier respective arteries

42
Q

Frank starling law

A

ventrcular muscle cell of the heart contracts more forefully when it is stretched

43
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Neurotransmitter released by neurons of sympathetic NS and also released in small amounts by adrenal medulla

44
Q

Heart sounds

A

Noises heard during auscultation of the heart that are caused by vibrations of the ventricular wall when the vales close

45
Q

Metarterioles

A

Smallest arterioles that directly feed capillaries in many tissue

46
Q

AV bundles

A

first component of the hearts purkinje fiber system that propagates action potentials from the ventricles

47
Q

Bundle of his

A
48
Q

Asystole

A

A condition in which there is no electrical activity in the heart resulting in flattened line on ECG

49
Q

Pectinate muscles

A

Muscular ridges on the interior surface of the anterior artia (Right atrium)

50
Q

Muscular arteries

A

medium sized that control blood flow to organs and have a think tunica media and large amount of smooth muscle

51
Q

Dysrhythmia

A

Any disturbance in the electrical rhythm of the heart

52
Q

Pericardium

A

Outer layer of the heart wall

53
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

Narrowing blood vessel due to contraction of vascualr smooth muscle

54
Q

Baroreceptors

A

Internal sensory receptor that detect pressure

55
Q

Continuous capillaries

A

Least leaky type, joined by tight junction

56
Q

QRS complex

A

Second wave in ECG; rep. depolarization of the ventricles

57
Q

Purkinje fiber system

A

Pacemaker cells ( Atypical) located in the ventricles

57
Q

Isovolumetric contraction

A

cardiac cycle which ventricles are contracting but thier vloume does not change becasue pressure is not high enough to open semilunar valves

BIO 224 Lecture (4 decks)

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