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Biology > Bio 170 Exam 3 > Flashcards

Bio 170 Exam 3 Flashcards

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0
Q

What are the primitive features of bryophytes?

A

Non vascular
Flagellate sperm
Seedless
Gametophyte dominate life cycle stage

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1
Q

What are the unifying traits of the plantae kingdom?

A

Eukaryotic
Photoaututrophic
Multicellular
Primarily terrestrial

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2
Q

Are the bryophytes closely related?

A

No.

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3
Q

Are sporophytes diploid or haploid?

A

Sporophytes are diploid and produce haploid spores via meosis

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4
Q

What are the 2 classes of bryophytes?

A 
Bryidae
Sphagnidae (peat moss = spaghum)
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5
Q

What are the three types of plants under the kingdom plantae?

A

Bryophytes
Seedless vascular plants
Seed bearing vascular plants

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6
Q

What is the role of the calyptra in the moss life cycle?

A

It is a protective sheath over the capsule

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7
Q

How is spore discharge regulated in mosses?

A

Regulated by peristomal teeth

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8
Q

True or False. Peristomal teeth are not a defining taxonomic feature

A

False.

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9
Q

What is a seta?

A

The stalk of a moss sporophyte

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10
Q

What permits spore discharge in moss sporangium?

A

The operculum, which covers the opening of the capsule

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11
Q

What are the moss gametangia?

A

Antheridium

Archegonia

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12
Q

True or false. You will never see sporophytes without gametophytes. But you will see gametophytes without sporophytes.

A

True

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13
Q

What is the ecological importance of moss?

A

Nutrient cycling. Absorb carbon dioxide.

Water cycling

Soil stabilization

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14
Q

Are missed nutrientional?

A

No. Not worth eating.

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15
Q

True or False. Missed decompose well.

A

False.

16
Q

What allows sphagnum to retain so much water?

A

Cluster together and usually dominate a site

Spaghum leaf features hyaline cells that are hollow and have pores to allow water in

17
Q

True of False. Peat moss is a renewable energy source.

A

True.
Peat bogs found in Western Europe and Canada 20% of Ireland’s energy comes from peat combustion. Clean burning. Low in sulfur

18
Q

What affects can sphagnum have on substrate/soil conditions?

A

Acidic
Hydric
Cold
Partially anaerobic

19
Q

What are the two phyla of vascular plants?

A

Lycophyta (club mosses, resurrection plant)

Monilophyta (pterophyta)
Ferns horsetails whisk ferns

20
Q

How long ago did vascular plants first appear?

A

420 mya

21
Q

What is the fossil evidence of vascular plants?

A

Cooksonia.

Complete fossil was found of cooksonia.

22
Q

What are the features of vascular plants?

A 
Xylem
Phloem
Below ground roots
Water proof cuticle
Stomata
Sporophyte dominate life cycle
23
Q

What is xylem?

A

Allows for water/nutrient transport

Cells are dead at maturity and form hollow tubes. Which provides route for water and nutrients

24
Q

What does movement of water through xylem require?

A

Transpiration

25
Q

What is phloem?

A

Sugar (sucrose) transport
Cells are living
Transports sugars from photosynthesis to or from roots

26
Q

True or False. Heterosporous plants have 1 kind of sporangia.

A

False.

2 kinds

Microsporangia
Megasporangia

27
Q

What is the 2nd most diverse group of vascular plants?

A

Monilophytes.

28
Q

When were seedless vascular plants at their evolutionary apex?

A

During the Carboniferous Period. (345mya)

29
Q

The supergroup Unikonta is characterized by what simple feature?

A

a single flagellum

30
Q

How do fungi feed?

A

Through their hyphae. They absorb nutrients around them.

31
Q

What are the 5 phyla of fungi?

A 
Chytrids (chytridiomycota)
Zygotomycota
Glomeromycota (arbuscular mycorrihaizal fungi)
Ascomycota (sac fungi)
Basidiomycota (club fungi)
32
Q

Which fungal phyla is the most primitive? Why?

A

The chytridiomycota.

Presumed earliest descendants of fungi. Used to be with Protista

33
Q

What is endomycorrugizae? And what fungal phyla is involved?

A

Plant reciprocal relationship.

Glomeromycota are involved.

Plant provides fungus with carbs
Fungus provides greater potential for water uptake/nutrients

34
Q

What is the spore forming structure in sac fungi?

A

Sac refers to sexual spore forming structure = ascus

35
Q

What is the sexual spore forming structure in basidiomycotas?

A

Basidium.

Biology (5 decks)

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