Bio 170 Exam 3

Question 0

What are the primitive features of bryophytes?

Answer 0

Non vascular
Flagellate sperm
Seedless
Gametophyte dominate life cycle stage

Question 1

What are the unifying traits of the plantae kingdom?

Answer 1

Eukaryotic
Photoaututrophic
Multicellular
Primarily terrestrial

Question 2

Are the bryophytes closely related?

Answer 2

No.

Question 3

Are sporophytes diploid or haploid?

Answer 3

Sporophytes are diploid and produce haploid spores via meosis

Question 4

What are the 2 classes of bryophytes?

Answer 4

Bryidae
Sphagnidae (peat moss = spaghum)

Question 5

What are the three types of plants under the kingdom plantae?

Answer 5

Bryophytes
Seedless vascular plants
Seed bearing vascular plants

Question 6

What is the role of the calyptra in the moss life cycle?

Answer 6

It is a protective sheath over the capsule

Question 7

How is spore discharge regulated in mosses?

Answer 7

Regulated by peristomal teeth

Question 8

True or False. Peristomal teeth are not a defining taxonomic feature

Answer 8

False.

Question 9

What is a seta?

Answer 9

The stalk of a moss sporophyte

Question 10

What permits spore discharge in moss sporangium?

Answer 10

The operculum, which covers the opening of the capsule

Question 11

What are the moss gametangia?

Answer 11

Antheridium

Archegonia

Question 12

True or false. You will never see sporophytes without gametophytes. But you will see gametophytes without sporophytes.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What is the ecological importance of moss?

Answer 13

Nutrient cycling. Absorb carbon dioxide.

Water cycling

Soil stabilization

Question 14

Are missed nutrientional?

Answer 14

No. Not worth eating.

Question 15

True or False. Missed decompose well.

Answer 15

False.

Question 16

What allows sphagnum to retain so much water?

Answer 16

Cluster together and usually dominate a site

Spaghum leaf features hyaline cells that are hollow and have pores to allow water in

Question 17

True of False. Peat moss is a renewable energy source.

Answer 17

True.
Peat bogs found in Western Europe and Canada 20% of Ireland’s energy comes from peat combustion. Clean burning. Low in sulfur

Question 18

What affects can sphagnum have on substrate/soil conditions?

Answer 18

Acidic
Hydric
Cold
Partially anaerobic

Question 19

What are the two phyla of vascular plants?

Answer 19

Lycophyta (club mosses, resurrection plant)

Monilophyta (pterophyta)
Ferns horsetails whisk ferns

Question 20

How long ago did vascular plants first appear?

Answer 20

420 mya

Question 21

What is the fossil evidence of vascular plants?

Answer 21

Cooksonia.

Complete fossil was found of cooksonia.

Question 22

What are the features of vascular plants?

Answer 22

Xylem
Phloem
Below ground roots
Water proof cuticle
Stomata
Sporophyte dominate life cycle

Question 23

What is xylem?

Answer 23

Allows for water/nutrient transport

Cells are dead at maturity and form hollow tubes. Which provides route for water and nutrients

Question 24

What does movement of water through xylem require?

Answer 24

Transpiration

Question 25

What is phloem?

Answer 25

Sugar (sucrose) transport Cells are living Transports sugars from photosynthesis to or from roots

Question 26

True or False. Heterosporous plants have 1 kind of sporangia.

Answer 26

False. 2 kinds Microsporangia Megasporangia

Question 27

What is the 2nd most diverse group of vascular plants?

Answer 27

Monilophytes.

Question 28

When were seedless vascular plants at their evolutionary apex?

Answer 28

During the Carboniferous Period. (345mya)

Question 29

The supergroup Unikonta is characterized by what simple feature?

Answer 29

a single flagellum

Question 30

How do fungi feed?

Answer 30

Through their hyphae. They absorb nutrients around them.

Question 31

What are the 5 phyla of fungi?

Answer 31

``` Chytrids (chytridiomycota) Zygotomycota Glomeromycota (arbuscular mycorrihaizal fungi) Ascomycota (sac fungi) Basidiomycota (club fungi) ```

Question 32

Which fungal phyla is the most primitive? Why?

Answer 32

The chytridiomycota. Presumed earliest descendants of fungi. Used to be with Protista

Question 33

What is endomycorrugizae? And what fungal phyla is involved?

Answer 33

Plant reciprocal relationship. Glomeromycota are involved. Plant provides fungus with carbs Fungus provides greater potential for water uptake/nutrients

Question 34

What is the spore forming structure in sac fungi?

Answer 34

Sac refers to sexual spore forming structure = ascus

Question 35

What is the sexual spore forming structure in basidiomycotas?

Answer 35

Basidium.