Bimolecules Flashcards
How much of the human body weight is water?
2/3 of the human body is water
Polar molecule
- One oxygen atom bonded to 2 H2 atoms
3 phases of water
Dependent on temp water can be gas liquid &solid
Functions of liquid water
- Transport
- lubricate
- cushion
- excrete wastes
Why is water liquid @ roomtemp ?
B/c of the hydrogen bonding @ room temp
What is the solvent of the body
Water
Universal solvent
Most substances dissolve in it
Solutes
Substances that dissolve in water
Hydrophilic
Some polar molecules and other charged substances dissolve w/in water
Hydrophobic
Non polar molecules do not dissolve in H2O
Amphiphatic molecules
Partially dissolve
How does water form ions
Water spontaneously dissociates to form ions
Hydroxide ion
OH - the remaining group
Hydronium ion
Transfers to second water molecule
H30
When does water remain neutral
=#s of positive hydrogen ions and negative hydroxyl ions produced water remains neutral
Acids
- Proton donor
- increases the concentration of free H POS
_ more dissociation of H POS w stronger acids ex: Hcl in the stomach - less dissociation w weaker acids ex: carbonic acid in blood
Base
- Proton acceptor
-Dec the concentration of H plus free in solution
-more absorption of H plus w stronger bases ex ammonia and bleach - less absorption w weaker bases ex: bicarbonate in the blood and in the secretions released in the small intestine
- substance B base in water forms b-h
What is p H
It is a measure of ‘ H plus
What is the ph of water
7
What makes a solution neutral
Solutions w/ = amounts of h plus a OH ions
How are acids neutralized
-by adding base
How are bases neutralized
By adding acid
Butters and how they work
Help prevent ph changes if excess acid-or base is added
They accept H plus from excess acid or donate H. to neutralize base
Organic molecules
Molecules that have carbon
Components of living organisms
Inorganic molecule
All other molecules water salts acids. bases
4 class of biomolecules in living systems
-Lipids
- proteins
- carbohydrates
- nucleic acids
how does carbons ability to form covalent bonds with other atoms help
Allows the formation of large diverse complicated molecules necessary for life
How do carbon atoms bond together
By covalent bonds aka backbone of many large molecules
Carbohydrates building blocks and function
Monosaccharides
Energy
Lipids building blocks and function
Glycerol and fatty acids
Regulation
Structure
Energy
Is co2 organic
No it’s inorganic
Protein building blocks and function
-amino acid
- regulation, structure energy contraction Transport protection
Lipid building block and function
Glycerol and fatty acids
Regulation structure and support energy
Nucleic acids function and building blocks
Nucleotides
Regulation
Heredity
Gene expression
Dehydration synthesis
-occurs during the synthesis of biomolecules
- one subunit losses a H
Other
