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m3 part 1 > Biliary Obstruction Prevention > Flashcards

Biliary Obstruction Prevention Flashcards

1
Q

Biliary Obstruction Prevention (Solid Crystal)
Take More

A

Take More:
Dietary Fiber,
Hydration,
Beans, Seeds and Nuts,
Soy Lecithin

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2
Q

Biliary Obstruction Prevention (Solid Crystal)
Reduce

A

Reduce:
Sweet Fruits, Fruit Juices, Soft Drinks
Refined Starches, Fried Food, Soft Cakes,
Cookies, Baked Food,
Excess Body Fat, Triglycerides

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3
Q

Inflammation

(Colitis & IBS Therapy)

A

EPA/DHA
Curcumin
Gingerols
Bromelain
Resveratrol

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4
Q

Fungi

(Colitis & IBS Therapy)

A

MCFAs, oregano, olive leaf, honokiol, resveratrol, VCO

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5
Q

Wounds

(Colitis & IBS Therapy)

A

Ascorbic Acid
Zinc Citrate

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6
Q

Intestinal Wall

(Colitis & IBS Therapy)

A

L-Glutamine

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7
Q

Foods to Avoid Bloating (Natural Remedies)

A

Dairy products for most Asian (lactose intolerance)

Gluten-rich Grains: Wheat, Oat, Rye, Barley

Skin from Fruits

Skin from Beans, Seeds and Nuts

Uncooked cruciferous vegetables

Sorbitol-added food items

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8
Q

Foods to Take for Bloating (Natural Remedies)

A

Spices: Fennel Seed, Ginger Root, Peppermint, Cinnamon

Sodium Bicarbonate, Apple Cider Vinegar

Digestive Enzymes

Activated Charcoal

Anti-inflammatory foods for reversing IBS, colitis, etc.

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9
Q

Acid Reflux

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is chronic disease that affects how many percent of the population of Western Countries?

A

20% of population of Western Countries

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10
Q

Acid Reflux

What does a Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) patient suffer from?

A

Disrupted Sleep

Reduced Concentration at Work

Interference with Physical Activities

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11
Q

Acid Reflux

What have epidemiologic data demonstrated as an important risk factor for the development of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)?

A

Obesity.

Central Obesity, rather than body mass index (BMI), appears to be more closely associated with complications such as

erosive esophagitis and
esophageal adenocarcinoma.

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12
Q

Acid Reflux

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a common condition with multiple pathogenesis. How much of the population is affected?

A

40%

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13
Q

Acid Reflux

Does GERD symptoms increase in severity when people gain weight?

A

Yes

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14
Q

Acid Reflux

Which patients tend to have more severe erosive esophagitis?

A

Obese patients

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15
Q

Acid Reflux

Obesity is a risk factor for the development of….?

A

Barrett’s esophagus

Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus

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16
Q

Digestive Disorders linked to Thyroid Dysfunction

Hyperthyroidism
What are the symptoms?

A

Frequent bowel movements
Poor absoprtion

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17
Q

Digestive Disorders linked to Thyroid Dysfunction

Hypothyroidism
What are the symptoms?

A

Constipation
Slow digestion

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18
Q

Colon Parts (Big Intestines)

A

Appendix
Ascending Colon
Transverse Colon
Descending Colon
Sigmoid Colon
Rectum

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19
Q

What is the average Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) levels found in Wild Salmon?

A

5.302 pg/g

20
Q

What is the average Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) levels found in Farmed Salmon?

A

51.216 pg/g

21
Q

What are the comparisons between Farmed and Wild Salmons?

A

Farmed Salmons:

More fats (white lines)
Higher fat content
Higher in toxins (in the fat)
Color-added to look like salmon
Doctors warn women + children should avoid it
Not good for whales

Wild:

Leaner
Cleaner
Naturally pink
Good for our oceans
Good for whales

22
Q

What toxins are in found in farmed salmon?

Fact: These toxins accumulate in our bodies and mothers release up to 94% of these toxins through pregnancy and breastfeeding

“One should avoid farmed salmon like the plague” - David Carpenter, Author of Paper on Farmed Salmon Toxins in Science

A

Fat
DDT (dichloro-diphenyl-tricholorethane)
Viruses
Insecticides
GMO Corn and Animal By-products
Artificial Colouring
Flame Retardants
PCBs

23
Q

What is a Colon Polyps?

A

A benign growth on the lining of mucous membrane of colon.

24
Q

Which age group does polyps are likely found?

A

Advancing age

25
Q

How many types of Colon Polyps are there?

A

4 Types of Colon Polyps:

1) Inflammatory - found in ppl with IBD such as Chron’s or Colitis

2) Hyperplasia - abnormal cell growth, low cancer risk

3) Adenomas - most common form of polyps; potentially cancerous

4) Tubulovillous (villous) adenoma - highest risk of cancer

26
Q

Colon Cancer Treat & Prevent

A

Allicin
Beta Carotene
Curcumin
DHA/EPA
Diosgenin
EGCG
Ellagic Acid
Ginsenosides
Graviola Seeds
Luteolin
Quercetin
Resveratrol
Sulforaphane
Tocotrienols
VD3
Probiotics

27
Q

Estrogen Metabolic Pathways

What estrogen metabolic pathway type is associated with lower risk and less extensive methylation of potentially genotoxic?

A

2-hydroxylation (C-2)

28
Q

What does estrogen metabolic pathway catechols no. 4-hydroxylation is associated with?

A

Higher risk of postmenopausal breast cancer

29
Q

When your liver converts estrogen along the 2-hydroxy (C-2) pathway, does the risk of cancer decrease or increase?

A

Decrease

30
Q

What two items can promote 2-hydroxy (C-2) pathway - healthier pathway - for estrogen metabolism?

A

Phytoestrogens
Nutrients

31
Q

When you liver converts to which pathways, that it will be associated with higher risk of cancer?

A

4-hydroxy (C-4) pathway or
16-alpha-hydroxy (C-16) pathway

32
Q

What does aromatase converts?

A

Aromatase converts testosterone to estrogen (not good)

33
Q

Phytoestrogen are natural plant-based compounds that mimic the estrogen in the body?

A

Phytoestrogens for C-2:

Soy Isolate
Isoflavones
Lignans
Sesame
Licorice Root
Legumes
Flax Seeds
Alfafa
Cruciferous Vegetable

34
Q

What are the C2 nutrients?

A

EPA
B6
B9
B12
Vitamin E
Magnesium
DIM
SAMe

35
Q

What are the nutrients AGAINST aromatase?

A

Zinc Citrate
Selenium
Melatonin
Catechins
Lycopene
OPC

Eliminate: All Alcoholic Beverages, which promote aromatisation

36
Q

Vitamin D & Cancer Incidence
What is the estimated proportion of cancers preventable by specified range of Serum 25(OH) D Level for

Colon Cancer?

A

50%-55% Colon Cancer at 35 ng/ml
50%-67% Renal Cancer at 37 - 49 ng/ml
25%-30% Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma at 34 - 39 ng/ml
39%-75% All Cancers Combined at 40 - 52 ng/ml

37
Q

How many percents of projected reduction with 38 ng/ml?

A

50% projected reduction with 38 ng/ml

38
Q

What are the relative risk of colon cancer mortality by baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in tertiles?

A

1st tertile: less than 50 nmol/L = Relative Risk of 1.0

2nd tertile: between 50 nmol/L to less than 80 nmol/L = Relative Risk of 0.44

3rd tertile: equals to and more than 80 nmol/L = Relative Risk of 0.28

39
Q

Cancer & Tumors Prevalence Tests at DSY Wellness Centre

There are 8 types of cancer and tumour marker tests, what are they and their prevalence in percentage?

A

From Top to Bottom

Ca 19-9
Ca 153
Ca 125
VCA
CEA
PSA
Ca 125(M)
AFP

40
Q

Ketogenic Diets

What does cancer cells feed on?

A

Sugar!

41
Q

Fat metabolism forces which organ to oxidise fat producing ketones?

A

Liver

42
Q

What are ketones for?

A

Ketones are used by normal cells as energy source

43
Q

Can ketogenic diet give better glycemic control? How so?

A

Yes, with lower HbA1c

44
Q

Does ketogenic diet enhance metabolic stress in cancer cells?

A

Yes!

45
Q

What are the herb and spices that helps with digestive health?

A

Herbs: Peppermint
Gingers
Olive Leaf
Oregano
Chili
Curcumin
Pepper

m3 part 1 (15 decks)

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