Big Test Flashcards
How does photosynthesis help heterotrophs?
When we eat food from plants, we are eating the plant’s stored energy
What are the raw materials and products of photosynthesis?
The raw materials- carbon dioxide,water
products- are oxygen and glucose.
Where is energy from the sun captured in a plant?
It is captured in the chlorophyll
Where does oxygen and carbon dioxide enter and exit a leaf
stomata’s
What happens during respiration?
Cells break down glucose and other molecules from food using oxygen, then releasing energy
What are the raw materials? What are the products?of cellular respiration?
The raw materials are oxygen and glucose. The products are carbon dioxide and water and energy
What makes photosynthesis and cellular respiration opposite processes?
Photosynthesis’ products are cellular respiration’s raw materials and photosynthesis’ raw materials are cellular respiration’s products.
What is the process that requires no oxygen? What are the two examples of this?
Fermentation uses no oxygen. Alcoholic- yeast and Lactic Acid-muscles are two different types of fermentation
What does Cell division allow( three ideas)
Cell Division allows organisms to grow, repair damaged structures, and reproduce.
What are the three stages of the cell cycle? What are the three major concepts of the
cell cycle?
The three stages are interphase, mitosis, and Cytokinesis. The three major concepts are the cell growing, divides into two new cells, and prepares for cell division.
Describe cell division in an animal cell. Describe cell division in a plant cell.
In an animal cell the cell membrane squeezes together around the middle of the cell, the cytoplasm pinches into two cells, and each daughter cell gets about half of the organelles of the parent cell. In a plant cell the plant cell’s rigid cell wall cannot squeeze together in the same way that an cell membrane can. Instead, a structure called a cell plate forms across the middle of the cell. The cell plate begins to form new cell membranes between the two daughter cells. New cell walls then form around the cell membranes
What is happening during replication?
The cell makes an exact copy of it’s DNA in the nucleus
What happens during mitosis to the nucleus?
The nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one set of DNA is distributed into each daughter cell.
The process by which cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food
photosynthesis
An organism that makes its own food
autotroph
An organism that cannot make its own food
heterotroph
The main pigment for photosynthesis in chloroplasts
chlorophyll
Are organelles that capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell
chloroplasts
photosynthesis equation
Carbon dioxide plus water plus light energy yields glucose and oxygen
The beginning of the equations
raw materials
The end of the equation
products
The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo
cell cycle
During this stage the cell grows, makes a copy of its DNA, and prepares to divide into two cells
interphase
The process which the cell makes an exact copy of the DNA in its nucleus
replication
Within the nucleus DNA and proteins form threadlike structures. They are?
chromosomes
During this stage the cells nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one set of DNA is distributed into each daughter cell
mitosis
During this phase the nucleus is still there, and chromosomes are thickening
prophase
During this phase chromosomes line up in the middle waiting to be pulled apart and the nucleus disappears
metaphase
During this phase chromosomes move from the middle to the opposite sides and spindles have fibers which help move chromosomes away
anaphase
During this phase 2 identical cells are formed and two nuclei
telophase
During this stage the cytoplasm divides
cytokinesis
