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History - Year 11 April Assessments - Dates and Facts > Big Question 7 - How did the USA try to de-escalate the Vietnam War? > Flashcards

Big Question 7 - How did the USA try to de-escalate the Vietnam War? Flashcards

1
Q

In which month did Nixon become president?

A

January, 1969

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2
Q

What policy did Nixon promise that would remove US troops from Vietnam?

A

Vietnamisation

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3
Q

What did Vietnamisation entail?

A

The withdrawal of US troops from Vietnam and the replacement of their positions by South Vietnamese troops, along with the continuation of US aid and air support

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4
Q

In which month did troops start returning home as a result of Vietnamisation?

A

January, 1969

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5
Q

How many US troops returned home in January, 1969?

A

543,000

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6
Q

How many US troops returned home in January, 1972?

A

156,000

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7
Q

How many US troops returned home in June, 1972?

A

47,000

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8
Q

By how much did the AVRN (South Vietnamese army) increase in size from 1968 - 1970?

A

1968 - 82,000

1970 - 1,000,000

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9
Q

What North Vietnamese offensive failed as a result of the AVRN’s new structure, size, and equipment?

A

The Spring (Easter) Offensive

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10
Q

On what date was the Spring Offensive?

A

30th March, 1972

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11
Q

How many casualties did the North Vietnamese suffer in the Spring Offensive?

A

40,000

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12
Q

How many casualties did the South Vietnamese suffer in the Spring Offensive?

A

8000

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13
Q

How many tons of bombs were dropped on North Vietnam during Operation Linebacker 1?

A

150,000 tons

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14
Q

Why was morale still very low in AVRN forces?

A

Casualty rates were much higher than they has been with US troops

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15
Q

Why was the AVRN’s structure still flawed?

A

The military, along with the leader of South Vietnam (Thieu), were very corrupt and officers were not chosen on there military ability

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16
Q

In which month was the AVRN beaten by the NVA (North Vietnamese Army) in Laos?

A

February, 1971

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17
Q

How many soviet tanks did the North Vietnamese use as part of the Spring (Easter) Offensive?

A

100

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18
Q

What new technology was first used during Operation Linebacker?

A

Laser-guided bombs

19
Q

Where was Operation Linebacker met with great resistance?

20
Q

In what year did Nixon begin SALT talks with the USSR?

21
Q

What does SALT stand for?

A

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

22
Q

What did the SALT talks aim to achieve?

A

The reduction of each country’s nuclear capabilities

23
Q

What did President Nixon use SALT talks to ask Moscow in relation to Vietnam?

A

He requested they lobby North Vietnam to end the war

24
Q

In which month did Kissinger visit Beijing?

A

July, 1971

25
In which month was Nixon invited to China?
February, 1972
26
As part of what operation did the USA invade Cambodia?
Operation Menu
27
In which month was Operation Menu?
March, 1969
28
Why did the USA invade Cambodia?
To severe VC supply lines, combat the growing communist Khmer Rouge, and pressure North Vietnam to end the war
29
What did Operation Menu instead cause?
North Vietnam was pushed away from peace talks
30
How many troops did the USA commit to fighting the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia?
20,000
31
Why were many in the USA outraged at the invasion of Cambodia?
Nixon had promised to deescalate the war and he had instead widened it
32
As part of what operation was the invasion of Laos?
Operation Lam Son 719
33
How many AVRN troops were deployed during Operation Lam Son 719?
30,000
34
In which month came the first significant attempt at peace talks in Paris?
May, 1968
35
When did LBJ agree to suspend all bombing over North Vietnamese territory?
October, 1968
36
In which month did the Paris Peace Talks begin?
January, 1969
37
What dispute initially hampered peace talks?
The North Vietnamese government refused to officially recognise the South Vietnamese government which the USA said they must do before any troops were withdrawn
38
Which American diplomat began separate talks with North Vietnamese officials?
Henry Kissinger
39
Who did Henry Kissinger meet with?
Le Duc Tho
40
When did the separate talks between Kissinger and Le Duc Tho make any breakthrough?
October, 1972
41
What did Le Duc Tho suggest to Henry Kissinger in 1972?
North Vietnam was willing to recognise the south as long as they held free and fair elections, including a communist party
42
In what month was a peace treaty first drafted?
October, 1972
43
In what month did Nixon order an end to all bombing in Vietnam?
January, 1973
44
On what date were the Paris Peace Accords formally signed?
27th January, 1973

History - Year 11 April Assessments - Dates and Facts (8 decks)

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