Big Pharma Flashcards
Give a common SE of amlodipine
Ankle oedema
How may macrolides affect an ECG?
Lengthening of the QT interval
What complication may be prevented by the co-prescription of pyridoxine in TB?
The risk of peripheral neuropathy with isoniazid can be reduced by prescribing pyridoxine
What do we use sildenafil for in neonates?
Pulmonary hypertension
Which electrolyte abnormality may predispose you to digoxin toxicity?
Hypokalaemia
How do we treat beta blocker overdose?
IV atropine
What is pioglitazone, and where is it contraindicated?
Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione, which works by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues and decreasing hepatic gluconeogenesis. However, it can cause fluid retention and exacerbate heart failure, making it unsuitable for patients with pre-existing heart failure.
What is gentamicin?
aminoglycoside
What are the main SEs of rifampicin?
It can cause various side effects including hepatotoxicity (liver damage), orange discolouration of body fluids, flu-like syndrome and thrombocytopenia among others.
What are the main SEs of pyrazinamide?
Its main adverse effect is hepatotoxicity which may present as jaundice or elevated liver enzymes in blood tests.
What are the main SEs of ethambutol?
primarily affects the eyes causing optic neuritis which may lead to decreased visual acuity or red-green colour blindness but it does not cause peripheral neuropathy.
Give a common SE of ciprofloxacin
Tendinopathy
A 40-year-old man presents after taking an overdose of amitriptyline. His ECG on arrival shows widening of the QRS complex. Treatment?
IV Bicarbonate
What is pyridoxine?
a form of vitamin B6 which is prescribed alongside isoniazid to reduce the risk of peripheral neuropathy
Which drugs should we avoid in AKI?
D - Diuretics
A - ACE inhibitor, ARBs
M - Metformin
N - NSAIDs
