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BGDA Drugs & Receptors Flashcards

1
Q

Pilocarpine

A

M Agonist
Treat: Glaucoma, dry mouth, diagnose CF
Side fx: increase sweating & salivation, bronchospasm, bradycardia, hypotension, diarrhea, ciliary spasms

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2
Q

Carbachol

A

M Agonist
Glaucoma eyedrops, cataract surgery
Contrain: iritis
Side fx: ciliary spasms, decrease visual acuity

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3
Q

Tolterodine

A

Competitive non-selective M Antagonist
Treat: OAB
Side fx: constipation, urine retention, photophobia, tachycardia
Contrain: glaucoma, GIT obstruction, urinary retention, exercise

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4
Q

Oxybutin

A

Competitive non-selective M antagonist
Treat: OAB
Side fx: constipation, urine retention, photophobia, tachycardia
Contrain: glaucoma, GIT obstruction, urinary retention, exercise

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5
Q

Darifenacin

A

Selective M3 receptor antagonist
Side fx: constipation, urine retention, photophobia, tachycardia, decreased sweating
Contrain: glaucoma, GIT obstruction, urinary retention, exercise

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6
Q

Bethanechol

A

M agonist

Treat urinary retention

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7
Q

Atropine

A

M non-selective antagonist
Treat: resuscitation, AchE inhibitor poisoning, diarrhoea, antispasmodic in anaesthesia
Side fx: dry mouth, no sweating, photophobic, blurry vision, tachycardia

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8
Q

Tropicamide

A

M non-select antag

Treat: Mydiasis Gravis

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9
Q

Pirenzepine

A

M1 antag, inhibit gastric acid

Treat: peptic ulcer

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10
Q

Ipratropium

A

M non-select antagonist

Treat: Asthma, bronchitis

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11
Q

Hyoscine

A

M3, 5, CNS depression

Treat: Motion sickness

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12
Q

Benzatropine

A

M1, M2
Excess Ach, deficient dopamine
Treat: Parkinson’s disease

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13
Q

Nicotine

A

Nn agonist

Treat: tobacco dependence

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14
Q

Varenicline

A

Nn partial-agonist

Treat: tobacco dependence, alleviate craving and block reward effect of nicotine, block nicotine from receptors.

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15
Q

Hexamethonium

A

Ganglionic blocker, N antagonist

Treat: hypertention

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16
Q

Trimethaphan

A

Ganglionic blocker, N antagonist

Treat: hypertensive emergencies

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17
Q

Succinylcholine

A

Nm agonist, depolarising agent
Use: relaxant for emergency, affected by AchE
Side fx: apnoea, hyperkalaemia, bradycardia (pre-administer atropine)

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18
Q

Curare (tubocurarine)

A

Non-depolarising, Nm antagonist

From plants for poison arrows, poorly absorbed orally

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19
Q

Vecuronium

A

Pure Nm blocker, non-depolarising

Use: w/ anaesthetic

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20
Q

Botulinum Toxin (Botox)

A

Ach exocytosis inhibitor, inhibit Ca2+ dependent release.
Treat: dystonia: cross eyes, lazy eye, excessive blinking, head, neck, muscle spasm, stuttering; excessive sweating, chronic migrane, OAB, Parkinson’s, Cerebral Palsy.

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21
Q

Physostigmine

A

Medium Duration AchE inhibitor

Treat: glaucoma (eye drops), treat Ach poisoning

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22
Q

Neostigmine

A

Medium duration AchE inhibitor

Treat: after surgery to reverse Nm blockage

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23
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

Med duration AchE inhibitor

Treat: urinary retention, myasthenia gravis

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24
Q

Sarin (Nerve gas), Parathion (insecticide)

A

Long duration/permanent AchE inhibitor

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25
Eye
a1 - contract radial muscle (pupil dilation) b - relax ciliary muscle (far vision) M3 - pupil constriction, near vision
26
Saliva Glands
a1 - increase secretion | M3 - increase secretion
27
Heart
b1 - increase HR, CO, contractility | M2 - decrease HR, CO
28
Lungs
a1 - bronchoconstriction b2 - bronchodilation (high) M3 - bronchoconstriction
29
Pancreas
a1 - increase glucagon, a2 - decrease insulin | b2 - increase glucagon, increase insulin
30
GIT
a1 - sphincter contraction b2 - decrease tone & motility M1 - increase gastric acid M3 - increase gland secretion, motility
31
Liver
a1 b2 - glycogenolysis & gluconeogenesis | M2 - increase pancreatic juice
32
Kidney
b1 - increase renin, BP
33
blood vessels
a1 - constriction (viscera, skin, increase BP) | b2 - dilation (skeletal muscle)
34
Adipose
b3 - lipolysis, thermogenesis
35
Bladder
a1 - sphincter constriction b2 - detrusor relaxation M3 - detrusor constriction
36
Uterus
a1 - contraction (preg) | b2 - relax (non-preg)
37
Male sex organ
a1 - prostate contraction, ejaculation | M3 - erection
38
Isoprenaline
b non-selective agonist Treat: heart block, cardiac arrest, acute asthma attack Adverse fx: tachycardia, headache & flushing, hypotension
39
Dobutamine
b1 selective agonist Treat: cardiac failure, heart block, cardiac arrest Adverse fx: tachycardia, blood pressure?
40
Salbutamol & Terbulaline
b2 selective agonist Treat: asthma, bronchospasm, pre-term labour adverse fx: tachycardia, headache, flushing, tremour, hypotention
41
Phenylephrine
a1 agonist Treat: nasal decongestion, dilated pupil, for cataract surgery Contrain: cardiac conditions, antidepressants (MAO inhibitors) Adverse fx: hypertension, tachycardia, CNS stimulation (anxiety, dizziness, nervousness etc)
42
Propranolol
b non-selective antagonist Treat: glaucoma, hypertension, angina (heart pain), migraine Contrain: congestive heart fialure, hypotension, hypoglycaemia, asthma Adverse fx: cardiac failure, bradycardia, bronchospasm, cold, fatigue
43
Metoprolol
b1 selective antagonist Treat: hypertention, angina, myocardial infarction, migraine Contain: congestive heart failure, hypotension Adverse fx: cardiac failure, cold, hypoglycaemia, bronchospasm, dizziness. (postural hypotension)
44
Prazosin
a1 antagonist Treat: hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia Contrain: hypotension Adverse fx: postural hypotension, blurred vissie, nasal congestion, tachycardia
45
Tamulosin
a1A selective antagonist Treat: lower urinary tract symptoms assoc w/ benign prostatic hyperplasia Contrain: cataract surgery Adverse fx: failed/retrograde ejaculation (D3), poor pupil dilation, dizzy, hypotension.
46
Amphetamine, Ephedrine, Tyramine
Indirectly acting sympathomimetic amines treat: Narcolepsy, ADHD, appetite suppressant, nasal decongestion Adverse fx: tachycardia, insomnia, acute psychosis, dependence, anorexia, pulm hypertensh.
47
Desipramine
Uptake 1/ Norepinephrine transporter (NET) inhibitor Treat: depression Contrain: MAO inhibitor Adverse fx: postural hypotension (a1 antag), sedation (H1 antag), dry mouth, blurry vission
48
Cocaine
Uptake 1/Norepinephrine transporter (NET) inhibitors Treat: local anaesthetic/drug of abuse Contrain: MAO inhibitors Adverse fx: hypertension, excitement, convulsions
49
Moclobemide
Monoamine Oxidase inhibitor Treat: depression Contrain: other antidepressants Adverse fx: sleep disturbance, dizziness, nausea, headache, cheese fx (hypertensive crisis when eating foods w/ tyramine eg. liver, red wine, cheese)
50
Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill
Oe + P Treat: contraception, endometriosis Adverse fx: Nausea, muscle weakness, oedema, VTE Contrain: VTE, stroke, liver disease, pregnancy
51
Progesterone Mini PIll
P + P Treat: conception Contrain: active thromboembolism, severe liver disease Adverse fx: irregular spotting, acne, headache
52
Medroxyprogesterone
Long term contraceptive | Infertility after cessation
53
Levonorgestral
Long term contraceptive, implant release 3-5 years.
54
Postcoital (Emergency)
Within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse
55
Mifepristone
Anti-progestins/Selective progesterone receptor modulators Treat: termination of preg Adverse fx: ab pain, headache, vomitting, diarrgoea
56
Sildenafil
Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor Treat: ED Adverse fx: headache, flushing, heart burn
57
Papaverine
a1 antag, treat ED
58
Alprostadil
PGE1, treat ED. Vasodilator
59
Clomiphene
Oe antag, inhibit -ve fdbk, increase FSH Treat: infertility w/ adequate Oe production Adverse fx: OHSS, multiple births, ovarian cysts, hot flushes
60
Oxytocin
uterine contractions Treat: induce labour, postpartum haemorrhage Contrain: foet distress Adverse fx: hypotension, reflex tachycardia
61
Dinoprostone
PGE2, increase cervical ripening Treat: induce labour Adverse fx: tachysystole, foetal distress, uterine hyperstimulation

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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