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Pharmacology > BGDA Drugs & Receptors > Flashcards

BGDA Drugs & Receptors Flashcards

1
Q

Pilocarpine

A

M Agonist
Treat: Glaucoma, dry mouth, diagnose CF
Side fx: increase sweating & salivation, bronchospasm, bradycardia, hypotension, diarrhea, ciliary spasms

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2
Q

Carbachol

A

M Agonist
Glaucoma eyedrops, cataract surgery
Contrain: iritis
Side fx: ciliary spasms, decrease visual acuity

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3
Q

Tolterodine

A

Competitive non-selective M Antagonist
Treat: OAB
Side fx: constipation, urine retention, photophobia, tachycardia
Contrain: glaucoma, GIT obstruction, urinary retention, exercise

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4
Q

Oxybutin

A

Competitive non-selective M antagonist
Treat: OAB
Side fx: constipation, urine retention, photophobia, tachycardia
Contrain: glaucoma, GIT obstruction, urinary retention, exercise

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5
Q

Darifenacin

A

Selective M3 receptor antagonist
Side fx: constipation, urine retention, photophobia, tachycardia, decreased sweating
Contrain: glaucoma, GIT obstruction, urinary retention, exercise

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6
Q

Bethanechol

A

M agonist

Treat urinary retention

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7
Q

Atropine

A

M non-selective antagonist
Treat: resuscitation, AchE inhibitor poisoning, diarrhoea, antispasmodic in anaesthesia
Side fx: dry mouth, no sweating, photophobic, blurry vision, tachycardia

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8
Q

Tropicamide

A

M non-select antag

Treat: Mydiasis Gravis

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9
Q

Pirenzepine

A

M1 antag, inhibit gastric acid

Treat: peptic ulcer

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10
Q

Ipratropium

A

M non-select antagonist

Treat: Asthma, bronchitis

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11
Q

Hyoscine

A

M3, 5, CNS depression

Treat: Motion sickness

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12
Q

Benzatropine

A

M1, M2
Excess Ach, deficient dopamine
Treat: Parkinson’s disease

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13
Q

Nicotine

A

Nn agonist

Treat: tobacco dependence

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14
Q

Varenicline

A

Nn partial-agonist

Treat: tobacco dependence, alleviate craving and block reward effect of nicotine, block nicotine from receptors.

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15
Q

Hexamethonium

A

Ganglionic blocker, N antagonist

Treat: hypertention

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16
Q

Trimethaphan

A

Ganglionic blocker, N antagonist

Treat: hypertensive emergencies

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17
Q

Succinylcholine

A

Nm agonist, depolarising agent
Use: relaxant for emergency, affected by AchE
Side fx: apnoea, hyperkalaemia, bradycardia (pre-administer atropine)

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18
Q

Curare (tubocurarine)

A

Non-depolarising, Nm antagonist

From plants for poison arrows, poorly absorbed orally

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19
Q

Vecuronium

A

Pure Nm blocker, non-depolarising

Use: w/ anaesthetic

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20
Q

Botulinum Toxin (Botox)

A

Ach exocytosis inhibitor, inhibit Ca2+ dependent release.
Treat: dystonia: cross eyes, lazy eye, excessive blinking, head, neck, muscle spasm, stuttering; excessive sweating, chronic migrane, OAB, Parkinson’s, Cerebral Palsy.

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21
Q

Physostigmine

A

Medium Duration AchE inhibitor

Treat: glaucoma (eye drops), treat Ach poisoning

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22
Q

Neostigmine

A

Medium duration AchE inhibitor

Treat: after surgery to reverse Nm blockage

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23
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

Med duration AchE inhibitor

Treat: urinary retention, myasthenia gravis

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24
Q

Sarin (Nerve gas), Parathion (insecticide)

A

Long duration/permanent AchE inhibitor

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25
Q

Eye

A

a1 - contract radial muscle (pupil dilation)
b - relax ciliary muscle (far vision)
M3 - pupil constriction, near vision

26
Q

Saliva Glands

A

a1 - increase secretion

M3 - increase secretion

27
Q

Heart

A

b1 - increase HR, CO, contractility

M2 - decrease HR, CO

28
Q

Lungs

A

a1 - bronchoconstriction
b2 - bronchodilation (high)
M3 - bronchoconstriction

29
Q

Pancreas

A

a1 - increase glucagon, a2 - decrease insulin

b2 - increase glucagon, increase insulin

30
Q

GIT

A

a1 - sphincter contraction
b2 - decrease tone & motility
M1 - increase gastric acid
M3 - increase gland secretion, motility

31
Q

Liver

A

a1 b2 - glycogenolysis & gluconeogenesis

M2 - increase pancreatic juice

32
Q

Kidney

A

b1 - increase renin, BP

33
Q

blood vessels

A

a1 - constriction (viscera, skin, increase BP)

b2 - dilation (skeletal muscle)

34
Q

Adipose

A

b3 - lipolysis, thermogenesis

35
Q

Bladder

A

a1 - sphincter constriction
b2 - detrusor relaxation
M3 - detrusor constriction

36
Q

Uterus

A

a1 - contraction (preg)

b2 - relax (non-preg)

37
Q

Male sex organ

A

a1 - prostate contraction, ejaculation

M3 - erection

38
Q

Isoprenaline

A

b non-selective agonist
Treat: heart block, cardiac arrest, acute asthma attack
Adverse fx: tachycardia, headache & flushing, hypotension

39
Q

Dobutamine

A

b1 selective agonist
Treat: cardiac failure, heart block, cardiac arrest
Adverse fx: tachycardia, blood pressure?

40
Q

Salbutamol & Terbulaline

A

b2 selective agonist
Treat: asthma, bronchospasm, pre-term labour
adverse fx: tachycardia, headache, flushing, tremour, hypotention

41
Q

Phenylephrine

A

a1 agonist
Treat: nasal decongestion, dilated pupil, for cataract surgery
Contrain: cardiac conditions, antidepressants (MAO inhibitors)
Adverse fx: hypertension, tachycardia, CNS stimulation (anxiety, dizziness, nervousness etc)

42
Q

Propranolol

A

b non-selective antagonist
Treat: glaucoma, hypertension, angina (heart pain), migraine
Contrain: congestive heart fialure, hypotension, hypoglycaemia, asthma
Adverse fx: cardiac failure, bradycardia, bronchospasm, cold, fatigue

43
Q

Metoprolol

A

b1 selective antagonist
Treat: hypertention, angina, myocardial infarction, migraine
Contain: congestive heart failure, hypotension
Adverse fx: cardiac failure, cold, hypoglycaemia, bronchospasm, dizziness. (postural hypotension)

44
Q

Prazosin

A

a1 antagonist
Treat: hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia
Contrain: hypotension
Adverse fx: postural hypotension, blurred vissie, nasal congestion, tachycardia

45
Q

Tamulosin

A

a1A selective antagonist
Treat: lower urinary tract symptoms assoc w/ benign prostatic hyperplasia
Contrain: cataract surgery
Adverse fx: failed/retrograde ejaculation (D3), poor pupil dilation, dizzy, hypotension.

46
Q

Amphetamine, Ephedrine, Tyramine

A

Indirectly acting sympathomimetic amines
treat: Narcolepsy, ADHD, appetite suppressant, nasal decongestion
Adverse fx: tachycardia, insomnia, acute psychosis, dependence, anorexia, pulm hypertensh.

47
Q

Desipramine

A

Uptake 1/ Norepinephrine transporter (NET) inhibitor
Treat: depression
Contrain: MAO inhibitor
Adverse fx: postural hypotension (a1 antag), sedation (H1 antag), dry mouth, blurry vission

48
Q

Cocaine

A

Uptake 1/Norepinephrine transporter (NET) inhibitors
Treat: local anaesthetic/drug of abuse
Contrain: MAO inhibitors
Adverse fx: hypertension, excitement, convulsions

49
Q

Moclobemide

A

Monoamine Oxidase inhibitor
Treat: depression
Contrain: other antidepressants
Adverse fx: sleep disturbance, dizziness, nausea, headache, cheese fx (hypertensive crisis when eating foods w/ tyramine eg. liver, red wine, cheese)

50
Q

Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill

A

Oe + P
Treat: contraception, endometriosis
Adverse fx: Nausea, muscle weakness, oedema, VTE
Contrain: VTE, stroke, liver disease, pregnancy

51
Q

Progesterone Mini PIll

A

P + P
Treat: conception
Contrain: active thromboembolism, severe liver disease
Adverse fx: irregular spotting, acne, headache

52
Q

Medroxyprogesterone

A

Long term contraceptive

Infertility after cessation

53
Q

Levonorgestral

A

Long term contraceptive, implant release 3-5 years.

54
Q

Postcoital (Emergency)

A

Within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse

55
Q

Mifepristone

A

Anti-progestins/Selective progesterone receptor modulators
Treat: termination of preg
Adverse fx: ab pain, headache, vomitting, diarrgoea

56
Q

Sildenafil

A

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor
Treat: ED
Adverse fx: headache, flushing, heart burn

57
Q

Papaverine

A

a1 antag, treat ED

58
Q

Alprostadil

A

PGE1, treat ED. Vasodilator

59
Q

Clomiphene

A

Oe antag, inhibit -ve fdbk, increase FSH
Treat: infertility w/ adequate Oe production
Adverse fx: OHSS, multiple births, ovarian cysts, hot flushes

60
Q

Oxytocin

A

uterine contractions
Treat: induce labour, postpartum haemorrhage
Contrain: foet distress
Adverse fx: hypotension, reflex tachycardia

61
Q

Dinoprostone

A

PGE2, increase cervical ripening
Treat: induce labour
Adverse fx: tachysystole, foetal distress, uterine hyperstimulation

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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