Beverages & Flavours Flashcards
What are the 3 main categories of beverages?
Beverages (non-alcoholic)
Beverages (alcoholic)
Beverages (hot)
What are 3 types of non-alcoholic beverages
Carbonated Soft Drinks
Bottled Water
Non-Carbonated/Functional beverage
What does carbonated soft drinks contains? and how is it carbonated?
90-98% of sparkling water
Corn syrup
Acids, flavors, preservatives
Carbonated with BAKING SODA
What happens when carbonated soft drinks are DIET?
Use alternative sweeteners and bulking agents are added for the mouthfeel.
What are the 4 types of bottled water?
Mineral/Spring water (from a source, naturally contains minerals)
Deionized water (all minerals removed)
Distilled water (heated then condensed to remove all minerals)
Carbonated/Sparkling water (carbonic acid lowers pH)
What are 4 types of Non-carbonated/Functional beverages
Sports (electrolytes)
Herbal beverages (herbal/supplements added)
Nutraceutical (extract from a functional food)
Energy beverage
What are 3 types of alcoholic beverages?
Beer (mostly from barley)
Wine (fruit juices, mostly grapes)
Spirits (distilled beverage)
What happens when coffee beans are roasted? (3)
Volatile compounds are formed
Increase in porosity
Hydrolysis of fat
What is the main acid constituent of coffee and what does it do (taste)?
Chlorogenic acid –> bitter/sour taste
What did the US Nutrition Panel advise regarding coffee consumption? What would be the effects of such consumption?
3-5 cups (max 400mg) may decrease risk of CVD, type 2 diabetes, Parkinson’s Alzheimer’s, colon cancer
What is the binomial name of the tea plant?
Camillia sinensis
What is the main compound of green tea (2 names)?
Polyphenolic compounds, catechins
What are the two compounds in cocoa that are known for their stimulating effect? What do they stimulate?
Theobromine and caffeine; They stimulate the pulmonary and nervous system.
What are the differences between Carob and Cocoa?
Carob is lower in fat and has more carbs (is sweeter).
In what case is carob a good cocoa substitution ?
If someone has a theobromine or caffeine restriction
How long can fresh herbs be kept in the refrigerator and what is the procedure?
They can be kept fresh for 2 weeks;
Clean them, spin them dry, wrap them in a paper towel
What is the conversion from dry to fresh herbs?
1 teaspoon dry herbs for 3 teaspoons fresh herbs
When should herbs be added and with what?
Depends on the meal:
If cooking–> added last minute
If uncooked dishes–> as long possible prior to serving
Flavors in herbs dissolve more easily in fat than water
What are flavor potentiators?
They accentuate flavor without themselves having flavor
Name 2 flavor potentiators
Monosodium glutamate: inc sensitivity to sour & bitter, reduces thresholds for sweet and salty
5’-nucleotides containing 6-hydroxypurine: Increases sweetness and saltiness, suppresses bitterness and sourness
What are 4 types of salt and their differences?
Sea salt (unrefined) Rock salt (large chunks) Table salt (iodized sea salt) Kosher salt (large coarse salt originally used to draw up blood from animals)
