Between-subjects design Flashcards
The general structure of an experiment
Experimental design
A design in which different subjects take part in each condition
Between-subjects design
The ideal way to recruit subjects, but is rarely achieved
Random selection
A statistical estimate of size or magnitude of the treatment
Effect size
The simplest experimental design used when only two treatment conditions are needed
Two-group design
An experimental design in which subjects are placed in each of two treatment conditions through random assignment
Two-independent- groups design
subjects are placed in each of two conditions randomly
Random assignment
A treatment condition in which the researcher applies a particular value of the independent variable to the subjects
Experimental condition
A condition in which subjects receive zero value of the independent variable
Control conditions
A design in which two groups of subjects are exposed to different levels of the independent variable
Two-experimental group design
A research design in which there are at least two groups in which one does not receive a treatment or intervention, and data are collected on the outcome measure after the treatment
Post-test only control group design
Advantage of Posttest only control group design?
Easy to implement
Fewer resources
Eliminates threat
Disadvantages of posttest only control group design
Can’t measure how much change
Mortality threat and maturation still exist
Subjects are randomly assigned to experimental and control group and is initially tested about dependent variable of interest, experimental group is administered a treatment and the dependent variables are measured again
Pretest-posttest control group design
Advantages of pretest-posttest control group design
Determine exact change
can eliminate threats
Disadvantages of pretest-posttest control group design
More resources
Prone to identification of hypo
Prone to mortality threat, maturation, and testing threat
A technique that maintains complete randomness of the assignment of a subject to a particular group such as flipping a coin
Simple randomization
Designed to randomize participants into groups that result in equal sample sizes
Block randomization
Randomization tools
Sealed envelope and research randomizer
an experiment design with two treatment conditions and with subjects who are matched on a subject variable thought to be highly related to the dependent variable
Two-matched-groups design
creation of pairs whose subjects have identical scores on the matching variable
Precision matching
Creating pairs of subjects whose scores on the matching variable fall within a previously specified range of scores
Range matching
creating matched pairs by placing subjects in order of their scores on the matching variable
Rank-ordered matching
When unsure whether randomization produce an equivalent groups, especially when the sample size is small, which design should be used?
Two-matched groups design
when you have identified that a subject variable is highly related to your dependent variable, this design is used
Two-matched groups
A between-subjects design with one independent variable in which there are more than two treatment conditions
Multiple groups design
The most commonly used multiple-groups design in which subjects are assigned to the different treatment conditions at random
Multiple indepedent group design
Give two ways to assign in a multiple groups design
Block randomization
Web-based randomizer
Give the variations of a multiple-independent-groups design
*Multiple-groups posttest-only control group design
*Multiple-groups pretest-posttest control group design
A research design that attempts to consider the influence of pretesting on subsequent posttest results
Solomon four-group design
