Basics of experimentation

Question 1

Also referred as explanatory variable. Variable that is manipulated intentionally by the experimenters

Answer 1

Independent variable

Question 2

Two or more values of the independent variable manipulated by the experimenter

Answer 2

Levels of the IV

Question 3

Also referred to as outcome variable. The variable that is being observed or measured

Answer 3

Dependent variable

Question 4

The specification of the precise meaning of variable within an experiment. Defining a variable in terms of procedures, measurement, and operations

Answer 4

Operational definition

Question 5

An outline about the concept of the variable. Does not explain the measurement or manipulation (Unlike operational)

Answer 5

Conceptual definition

Question 6

The _____ is the definition of the variable and the ______ is how it is performed in an experiment. (Which type of definition is which)

Answer 6

Conceptual; Operational

Question 7

Explanation of the meaning of the independent variable. Defines how exactly it is done.

Answer 7

Experimental Operational Definition

Question 8

Description that contains how exactly the variable is measured in the experiment

Answer 8

Measured Operational Definition

Question 9

The consistency and the dependability of the experimental procedures

Answer 9

Reliability

Question 10

The degree of agreement or the consistency between two or more scorers.

Answer 10

Inter-rater reliability

Question 11

An estimate of reliability by correlating pairs of scores from the same test with different administration in a single subject

Answer 11

Test-Retest reliability

Question 12

Pertains to a measure based on the correlations between different items on the same test

Answer 12

Inter-Item Reliability

Question 13

It measures what it intends to measure

Answer 13

Validity

Question 14

Relates to what a test appears to measure than to what the test actually measure.

Presentation of the psychological test

Answer 14

Face validity

Question 15

Describes a judgement of how adequately a test samples behavior representatives of the universe of behavior that the test was designed to sample. Samples what it was designed to sample

Answer 15

Content validity

Question 16

An index of the degree to which a test score predicts some criterion measure.

Answer 16

Predictive validity

Question 17

Explain concurrent validity

Answer 17

Di ko alam to pero sige

Question 18

Established through a series of activities in which a researcher simultaneously defines some construct and develops the instrumentation to measure it

Answer 18

Construct validity

Question 19

A variable other than an independent variable or dependent variable

Answer 19

Extraneous variables

Question 20

An error that occurs when the value of an extraneous variable changes systematically along with the independent variable in an experiment.

Answer 20

Confounding

Question 21

All _________ are extraneous variables, but not all _________ are confounders

Answer 21

Confounders; Extraneous variables

Question 22

Pertains to a situation where it is unclear which variable occurred first, leading to confusion about which variable is the causal and which one is the effect

Answer 22

Ambiguous Temporal Precedence

Question 23

An outside event producing an effect on the dependent variable

Answer 23

History threat

Question 24

A threat to internal validity produced by internal changes in subjects

Answer 24

Maturation Threat

Question 25

A threat to internal validity produced by a previous administration of the same test or other measure

Answer 25

Testing threat

Question 26

A threat to internal validity produced by changes in the measuring instrument itself

Answer 26

Instrumentation threat

Question 27

Threat to internal validity that can occur when subjects are assigned to conditions based on extreme scores on a test. Scores going back to the mean even without any treatment

Answer 27

Statistical regression threat

Question 28

A threat to internal validity that can occur when nonrandom procedures are used to assign subjects to conditions

Answer 28

Selection threat

Question 29

Also known as attrition. Subjects dropping out of the experiment

Answer 29

Mortality threat

Question 30

A family of threat that is a combination of one or more threat to internal validity (2 or more threat present)

Answer 30

Selection Interactions